closer study. Also, the peak area around 10 µm would be expected to grow at longer observation times, and would be interesting to follow. Possibly this is a similar bi-phasic behaviour, but shifts up towards much larger droplet size? However, the general stability trend follows what we found for the milky emulsions: Naphthenic > Group I > Group II.
Conclusions Two complementary methods for the determination were utilised to study emulsion stability: droplet size distribution, and light scattering and transmission. The two methods yield comparable results, especially for small droplet sizes (“good” emulsion quality).
We could determine a preferred HLB value for each base oil type, where the optimum conditions for emulsion stability was found. This HLB value was found to be about two (2) units higher for the naphthenic base oil compared to the paraffinic Group I and II base oils. The droplet size and stability nevertheless was found to be better for the naphthenic base oil systems, showing an inherent difference under these varying conditions.
The key base oil property difference identified was solvency, as expressed by the aniline point. The water hardness played little role in the non-ionic surfactant (emulsifier) systems, but made a difference in several ways in the semi-synthetic emulsion systems, containing also anionic surfactant.
We would like to propose that the results obtained in this study would be useful as a component selection guide to metalworking fluid formulator across geographical regions, with varying water hardness, and different access to base oils suitable for metalworking emulsion formulations.
LINK
www.nynas.com
5 References [1] Norrby, T., Salomonsson, P., and Malm, L. “Group I Replacement Fluids – a Hydraulic Fluid Formulation and Compatibility Study”, Tribologie + Schmierungstechnik, Vol. 64, No. 1 (2017), pp. 31-41
OilQSens® OilQSens®
OQ3000
Oil sensor system High performance, early detection of critical operation conditions
can detect early changes in oil quality/condition from
day 1 - before damage occurs. Contamination products, such as particles, cellulose fibres, moisture and their contaminating effects, such as acid and oil soaps cause a change in the electrical properties of oil. With the oil quality sensor, OilQSens®
, dependent parameters are measured continuously
and on-line. From the changes in the oil, the condition of the transformer oil is evaluated. Dissolved gas analysis (DGA) is a sampling technique that may miss intermittent problems. OilQSens®
works online, continuously from day 1, prior to other technologies limits of detection.
Conductivity, permittivity and temperature are measured with high precision. Both conductivity and permittivity are temperature dependent. OilQSens®
temperature compensation algorithm similar to a neural network.
Electrical conductivity of oil is extremely low. However, the highly sensitive OilQSens®
measures conductivity down to
0.1 picosiemens per metre and all values are accurately temperature compensated.
Relative permittivity is a measure of the dielectric constant. The measurement of permittivity by OilQSens®
makes a statement
about water ingress and a modification of the insulating strength of the oil. Taken in conjunction with the conductivity values, a clear picture emerges of the changes in the oil. The monitoring of oil in transformer, high voltage circuit breakers and oil regeneration plants is an important parameter for the efficiency and safety. As oil ages it forms charge carriers which alter the conductivity. The process is accelerated by the presence of metal catalysts, oxygen and temperature.
The web based, decentralised monitoring system is perfect for LUBE MAGAZINE NO.139 JUNE 2017 17
remote or inaccessible locations. Measurements are transmitted via LAN, WLAN or the serial interface.
LINK
www.cmc-instruments.de info@cmc-instruments.de
ATIEL, the technical association of the European lubricants industry, is looking to appoint a new
President (part-time – 2 to 2.5 days per week, home-based)
ATIEL is a European Economic Interest Group representing the combined knowledge and experience of leading European and international lubricants manufacturers and marketers.
features a self-adapting
Its collective expertise in lubricants technology has helped establish best practices and quality standards for both vehicle manufacturers and consumers.
The mission of ATIEL is to be recognised as Europe’s leading authority on the technical, social responsibility and legislative aspects of lubricants and to engage and be influential with all relevant stakeholders.
The President is responsible for promotion of dialogue between its members, the OEMs, transport industry and related industries, developing common positions on issues of common interest, serving as the spokesperson for the European lubricants industry, maximising synergies through dialogue and implementing strategies to promote the interests of member companies.
The successful applicant should have leadership and strategic skills, be a good communicator and networker, be fluent in English, have senior business management experience in multi-national committees and task forces, be familiar with the lubricants industry and EU institution and their decision processes.
Although the successful applicant will be required to attend regular meetings (approximately once a month) at ATIEL’s offices in Brussels, this role is home-based so he/she will need to be a motivated self-starter with home office facilities.
Applications should be sent to:
susan.hancock@atiel.eu by 14 July 2017
www.atiel.org
DRIVING STANDARDS IN LUBRICANT TECHNOLOGY
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