S E C T I O N C : J u d ai s m
T h e s y n a g o g u e T h e s y n a g o g u e i s t h e J e wi s h h o u s e of p r a y e r, t h e s a c r e d s p a c e w h e r e J e w s w o r s hi p. J e w s c a n p r a y a n y w h e r e,
i n s m all g r o u p s o r al o n e. H o w e v e r, f o r
c e rt ai n J e wi s h p r a y e r s, a g r o u p of at l e a st 1 0 J e wi s h a d ult s ( a mi n y a n ) i s n e e d e d. C o m m u n al p r a y e r (i. e. p r a yi n g t o g et h e r) i s f a v o u r e d a m o n g J e w s a n d u s u all y t a k e s pl a c e at t h e s y n a g o g u e. S y n a g o g u e s a r e u s u all y r e ct a n g ul a r b uil di n g s a n d c a n t y pi c all y b e i d e nti ti e d b y t h e p r e s e n c e of t h e S t a r of D a vi d o r t h e s y m b ol of a m e n o r a h
( a s e v e n -l a m p l a m p st a n d) o n t h e e xt e ri o r of t h e b uil di n g. St a r of D a vi d o n a s y n a g o g u e
T h e s y n a g o g u e u s u all y s e r v e s t h r e e f u n cti o n s f o r t h e J e wi s h c o m m u nit y: 1. I t a c t s a s a h o u s e of p r a y e r. R eli gi o u s s e r vi c e s a r e h el d t h e r e e a c h S h a b b at ( h ol y d a y) a n d e v e r y f e sti v al d a y.
2. I t a c t s a s a pl a c e of e d u c a ti o n. Cl a s s r o o m s a n d t e a c h e r s a r e p r o vi d e d t o t e a c h c hil d r e n t h e H e b r e w l a n g u a g e a n d g ui d e t h e m t h r o u g h t h ei r st u d y of t h e T e n a k h. A s e d u c ati o n i s s o c e nt r al t o t h e s y n a g o g u e, it i s oft e n c all e d a s h ul (i. e. s c h o ol).
3. I t a c t s a s a c o m m u ni t y c e n t r e. T h e r e i s a l a r g e h all t h at i s u s e d f o r a v a ri et y of p u r p o s e s, s u c h a s w e d di n g r e c e pti o n s a n d c h a rit y w o r k.
T HI N K P AI R S H A R E
C e rt ai n f e at u r e s of t h e m o d e r n s y n a g o g u e r e c all J e wi s h w o r s hi p i n t h e a n ci e nt t e m pl e. T h e l a y o ut of a s y n a g o g u e’ s p r a y e r h all i s b a s e d o n t h at of t h e t e m pl e. T h e s y n a g o g u e f a c e s t o w a r d s J e r u s al e m, w h e r e t h e t e m pl e o n c e st o o d. T h e r e a r e n o i m a g e s of G o d. J e w s b eli e v e s u c h i m a g e s a r e f o r bi d d e n b y t h e s e c o n d c o m m a n d m e nt. I n st e a d s y n a g o g u e s a r e d e c o r at e d o nl y wit h g e o m et ri c p att e r n s a n d H e b r e w c alli g r a p h y ( h a n d w riti n g).
Q U E S TI O N S
S o m e i m p o rt a nt f e at u r e s i n t h e p r a y e r h all of e a c h s y n a g o g u e a r e: •
• • •
T h e a r k i s t h e h oli e st pl a c e i n t h e s y n a g o g u e. It i s a c u p b o a r d, b uilt i nt o t h e w all t h at f a c e s J e r u s al e m. T h e s c r oll s of t h e T o r a h a r e k e pt i n t h e a r k.
T h e n e r t a mi d i s a li g ht t h at i s k e pt b u r ni n g i n f r o nt of a n d a b o v e t h e a r k at all ti m e s. It s n a m e m e a n s ‘ et e r n al li g ht’. T hi s li g ht i s n e v e r e xti n g ui s h e d.
T h e bi m a h i s a r ai s e d pl atf o r m w h e r e t h e r a b bi st a n d s a s h e o r s h e l e a d s t h e s e r vi c e.
T h e r e i s s e a ti n g i n t h e s y n a g o g u e. I n m a n y s y n a g o g u e s ( b ut n ot all) w o m e n a n d m e n d o n ot sit t o g et h e r .
C H E C K Y O U R U N D E R S T A N DI N G
1. H o w c a n y o u us u ally i d e ntify a sy n a g o g u e fr o m t h e o utsi d e ? 2. N a m e t h e t hr e e f u ncti o ns of a sy n a g o g u e a n d ex pl ai n t h e m i n y o ur o w n w or ds. 3. W hic h a nci e nt b uil di n g is t h e m o d er n sy n a g o g u e b as e d o n ?
D E B AT E I N T H E Z O N E
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