Spotlight on Gulf Coast Conference - Analytical Instrumentation
A New Approach to Onsite Fuel Stability and Compatibility Testing According to
Automated Instrument ASTM D4740 The marine fuel market is undergoing complex and far-reaching change, largely as a result of a growing body of environmental legislation. Issues surrounding fuel stability and compatibility have never been more relevant, especially in light of the new 0.10 per cent sulphur cap for fuels used in Emission Control Areas (ECAs).
Bulk fuel stored for long periods can become unstable – the asphaltene content can precipitate out of solution causing the formation of sludge. Once a fuel has chemically broken down there is no way to satisfactorily reverse the process. Precipitated asphaltene cannot be re-dissolved.
It is important to remember that a stable fuel oil can become
unstable when mixed with another stable grade although generally fuels of the same viscosity grade with similar densities will be compatible.
On board a vessel, a good way to measure the compatibility of marine fuels, including residual and distillate fuels is the ASTM D4740 spot test. For the ASTM D4740 spot test a blend composed of representative volumes of the sample fuel and the blend stock is heated and homogenised. A drop of the blend is put on a test paper and heated to 100°C. After 1 hour, the test paper is removed from the oven and the resultant spot is examined for evidence of precipitation and rated for compatibility against D4740 reference spots.
AD Systems has developed a portable / on-site / on-board, fully automated instrument for stability and compatibility testing of heavy fuel oil. This patented portable device, the ST10, performs a complete automation of the ASTM D4740 method.
All the phases of the test are grouped in a suitcase, the conditioning of the samples, the preparation of the spot, its drying and the automatic rating by camera and associated software. The only phases carried out by the operator are the sampling and the deposition of the drop with the aid of a micropipette supplied with the equipment. The results are stored in a built-in result database. The image of the spot is memorised at the time the spot is rated. The ST10 ensures perfect traceability of the test. The AD Systems ST10 allows vessel operators to determine the compatibility of onboard fuels without the worry of the human eye subjectivity risk. As a result, the apparatus can be used anywhere by untrained personnel wherever and whenever power is available.
Corrosive Properties Analyser Demonstrates High Level of Accuracy in Inter-laboratory
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NACE Spindle Corrosion Test The corrosivity of petroleum products (gasoline and other distillates) must be determined before transportation through pipelines in order to control the internal corrosion of pipelines. The NACE TM0172 test for “Determining Corrosive Properties of Cargoes in Petroleum Product Pipelines” is considered a reference test and is the most widely used laboratory test for this purpose.
A new instrumental approach for measurement of
corroded surface area has been developed by AD Systems in which the exact percentage of corroded area is accurately determined by an automatic instrument, drastically reducing operator subjectivity and labour costs. The innovative CT10 instrument images the entire spindle surface. Operation is based on a homogeneous lighting source, CCD camera, specimen rotation system and specially designed Windows CE application software.
The CT10 strictly follows the test method removing the subjectivity inherent to the manual test. It significantly improves repeatability and reproducibility and provides a final evaluation which eliminates disputes between the shipper and receiver of the product.
In January 2017, a large interlaboratory study was carried in Ampec Laboratory – Houston (USA). This ILS (method NACE TM0172) was performed with 8 CT1O instruments, 24 different spindles and 7 technicians for visual rating. The CT10 demonstrated a precision five to ten times better than the visual rating. A research report has been written and the CT10 should be soon included in the test method.
AD Systems Announces
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Delivery of 100th DR10 Thermal Oxidation Stability of Aviation Turbine Fuels, ASTM D3241 is universally used by the industry to measure the high temperature stability of aviation turbine fuels. The ASTM D3241 Method is required to be run on every batch of jet fuel produced according to ASTM D1655 or DEF STAN 91-91 specifications. In this test method, the fuel is pumped through a heater tube at a fixed flow rate and for a specified period of time. The fuel is pass or fail rated according to the amount of deposit formed on the heater tube at a specified temperature.
The innovative DR10 instrument uses the spectral reflectance technique (ITR – ASTM D3241 – Annex 2) for precise measurement of deposit thickness in nanometers. This stand-alone, compact instrument can be easily installed in any location in minutes. The operation is based on a powerful light source, a spectrometer with a fibre optic probe and specially designed application software.
AD Systems was the first manufacturer to offer a compact laboratory device dedicated to all applications, research and quality control. Today, AD Systems is by far the number one for this test and we are very proud to announce that the hundredth DR10 has recently been delivered. We would like to thank all the laboratories that have trusted us.
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