638 Y. Liu et al. Conclusion
Wepredicted suitable habitat for M. lacei under current and future climate conditions and found that areas suitable for this species will decline. Furthermore, M. lacei populations face significant threats from anthropogenic interference, among other factors. In addition to existing local protection, further appropriate conservation measures are needed for M. lacei. In situ conservation should focus on areas where the habitat of this species is predicted to remain stable in the future, by establishing conservation sites. We have achieved germ-free germination and seed propagation of M. lacei by collecting fruits from wild habitats and botanic gardens, but these methods are currently still being developed. Collection of fruits from the various M. lacei populations should continue and their seedlings should be grown for ex situ or near situ (i.e. establishment of populations at sites near wild populations; Sun et al., 2021; 2024) conservation.
Author contributions Field surveys: all authors; data analysis: YL, LC; writing, revision: all authors.
Acknowledgements We thank Zhiling Dao, Liewen Lin, Bo Xiao, Zhiyong Yu and Zongli Liang for their help in the field; Yuhang Liu for her guidance on the use of MaxEnt; and Detuan Liu for providing valuable comments. This research was supported by the Science and Technology Basic Resources Investigation Program of China (Grant No. 2017FY100100), the NSFC (National Natural Science Foundation of China; Grant No. 32101407), the NSFC–Yunnan Joint Fund (Grant No. U1302262) and Yunnan Provincial Science and Technology Talent and Platform Plan (202305AM070005).
Conflicts of interest None.
Ethical standards This research abided by the Oryx guidelines on ethical standards.
Data availability All species distribution data and bioclimatic variables have been described in the Supplementary Material.
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Oryx, 2024, 58(5), 631–640 © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Fauna & Flora International doi:10.1017/S0030605323001783
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