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are in cultivation, and 33 of the 65 taxa and 12 of the 18 threatened taxa have at least three different wild ac- cessions present in at least three sites. Although Global Strategy for Plant Conservation Target 8 is met for the subsection overall, for 17 taxa the ecogeographical represen- tation of wild accessions is insufficient and requires urgent action in terms of wild sampling and ex situ cultivation. We also find that ex situ collections are lacking in the countries of origin. Further collaboration and data sharing amongst botanic gardens are desirable to develop a metacollection managed under BGCI and the Global Conservation Consortium for Rhododendron, although our data could also be used by the Global Tree Assessment (BGCI, 2021a) and World Flora Online. Ex situ cultivation of threatened plant species is a valuable component of integrated plant conservation, but analysis of existing collections is necessary to support decision-making. Our study illustrates an ap- proach for analysing wild collections, thereby facilitating better management of species conservation.
Author contributions Study design: all authors; data collection: LH, MM; data analysis, writing: LH; revision: MM, SEG, JAT.
Acknowledgements This work was part of a PhDproject supported by the Sir Victor Davies Fund through the Pukeiti Rhododendron Trust, New Zealand. LH was funded through the China Scholarship Council–Massey University PhD Scholars Programme. We acknow- ledge the data contribution from BGCI and all institutions mentioned, thank the two reviewers for their valuable comments, and LH thanks John Lowry for consultation on using QGIS.
Conflicts of interest None.
Ethical standards This research abided by the Oryx guidelines on ethical standards. There was no collection of specimens associated with this work. BGCI GardenSearch and PlantSearch data were used and published under the BGCI Data Sharing Agreement (signed be- tween MM and the BGCI representative Abby Meyer on 10 July 2020). The use of collections data and permissions for publishing the compiled dataset and presenting garden names (Table 3) were ap- proved by the source botanic gardens.
Data availability All data can be found within the article and its supplementary material, or are otherwise available on request from the corresponding author.
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Oryx, 2024, 58(5), 576–586 © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Fauna & Flora International doi:10.1017/S0030605324000759
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