Peng et al.—Revision of oryctocephalid genra
also show that the species belongs to Oryctocarella. Additional figured specimens of the species (Fig. 7.11–7.13) from the same
Guizhou (Zhang et al., 1980, pl. 94, fig. 5) is not conspecific with other specimens assigned to A.(Arthricocephalites) xiaosaiensis (= O. balangensis) because of the presence of fulcra in the thoracic segments. This specimen is tentatively reassigned to Palaeolenus fengyanensis Zhu, 1962, a species that co-occurs with O. balangensis in collection XS-Xiao152 (Zhang et al., 1979, p. 92). Oryctocarella balangensis resembles O. sibirica in the
collection show a non-fulcrate thorax and micropygous pygidium as well. One thoracopygon from the Xiaosai section, eastern
shape of the glabella, the morphology of the glabellar furrows, and the location of the palpebral lobe. It differs from the type species of the genus in having less well defined transverse furrows in the medial area of the glabella, and in having a smooth or finely granulated dorsal surface. These characters also differentiate O. balangensis from O. duyunensis, which bears a strong and dense granulation. Among these three species, only O. duyunensis is known to have a distinct posteromedial notch on the pygidial margin. Other, more subtle characters that seem to differentiate O. balangensis from O. sibirica are a more clearly defined palpebral ridge and a less divergent posterior branch of the facial suture in the former species.
Oryctocarella duyunensis (Qian, 1961) Figures 1.1–1.7, 2.4–2.9, 3.2, 8, 9
1961
1964 1965 1974 1977 1977 1978 1978 1978 1980 1980 1980
1982
Arthricocephalus duyunensis Qian (part), p. 97, pl. 1, fig. 19, pl. 2, figs. 5, 7, 8, 10, ?fig. 9; non pl. 1, fig. 20, pl. 2, fig. 6.
Arthricocephalus chauveaui Bergeron, 1899; Lu and Qian, p. 26, pl. 1, fig. 5.
Arthricocephalus duyunensis; Lu et al., p. 108, pl. 17, figs. 2, 3, 5, non 4.
Arthricocephalus duyunensis; Lu et al., p. 95, pl. 36, fig. 9.
Arthricocephalus granulus Qian and Lin in Zhou et al., p. 130, pl. 42, figs. 1, 2.
Arthricocephalus chauveaui; Zhou et al., p. 130, pl. 42, fig. 3.
Arthricocephalus duyunensis; Yin and Li, p. 440, pl. 155, fig. 10.
Arthricocephalus jiangkouensis Yin in Yin and Li, p. 440, pl. 155, figs. 15, 16.
Arthricocephalus (Arthricocephalites) granulus Qian and Lin; Yin and Li, p. 441, pl. 157, fig. 2.
Arthricocephalus chauveaui; Zhang et al., p. 275, pl. 92, figs. 1, 2.
Arthricocephalus horridus Qian and Lin in Zhang et al., p. 275, pl. 92, figs. 7–9. Arthricocephalus
Zhang et al., p. 277, pl. 90, fig. 8, pl. 93, fig. 4, pl. 94, figs. 1, 2.
(Arthricocephalites) granulus;
Arthricocephalus granulus; Liu, p. 300, pl. 214, figs. 1, 9.
?1983 Arthricocephalus (Arthricocephalites) granulus; Ju, p. 632, pl. 2, figs. 12, 13.
1983
1985 1985 1988 1997
2002 2003 2005
951
Arthricocephalus (Arthricocephalites) sp., Ju, pl. 2, figs. 14, 15.
?1985 Arthricocephalus tenuis Zhang and Zhou, p. 263, pl. 2, figs. 10–12.
Arthricocephalus duyunensis; Zhang and Zhou, p. 263, pl. 2, figs. 8, 9.
Arthricocephalus sp., Zhang and Zhou, p. 263, pl. 2, fig. 14.
Arthricocephalus chauveaui; Lane et al. (part), p. 555, pl. 1, figs. 2, 3, 6; non figs. 1, 4, 5.
Arthricocephalus chauveaui; Blaker and Peel (part), p. 112, figs. 62.2, 62.3, 63, 64.1–64.4; non fig. 62.1.
2001a Arthricocephalus granulus; Zhao et al., p. 180, pl. 1, figs. 4–6.
Arthricocephalus chauveaui; Yuan et al., p. 121, pl. 31, fig. 1.
Arthricocephalus chauveaui; McNamara et al., p. 106, pl. 1, figs. 1–15, pl. 2, figs. 5, 7, text-fig. 3A–K.
Arthricocephalus chauveaui; Geyer, 2005 (part), p. 87, fig. 3.1–3.4, 3.8, 3.9; non fig. 3.7.
2005a Arthricocephalus chauveaui; Peng et al., p. 1161, fig. 2e.
2005b Arthricocephalus chauveaui; Peng et al., p. 1056, fig. 2e.
2006 2006 2006 2006
2011 2015
Arthricocephalus chauveaui; Yuan et al., p. 615, fig. 1d, 1e.
Arthricocephalus chauveaui; Peng et al., p. 241, pl. 1, fig. 11.
Arthricocephalus granulus; Yuan et al., p. 616, fig. 1b, 1c.
Arthricocephalus jiangkouensis; Yuan et al., fig. 1a.
Arthricocephalus cf. chauveaui; Geyer and Peel, p. 498, fig. 14A–C, D?, E, F.
Oryctocarella duyunensis; Peng et al., p. 89, pl. 1, figs. 6–9.
Holotype.—Incomplete exoskeleton (Qian, 1961, pl. 2, fig. 8; Fig. 8.17, NIGP 11484) from the Balang Formation, Palang, Duyun, eastern Guizhou, China; by original designation.
Diagnosis.—Oryctocarella with subcylindrical glabella; axial furrows with subparallel sides or gently diverging forward; palpebral ridge well defined, preocular field short or absent; palpebral lobe in anterior position, with posterior tip in adult specimens opposite midlength or anterior part of L2; palpebral area subequal in width to glabella. Thorax with 11 or possibly 12 segments; axis about half as broad as pleural region; anterior pleural band shorter than posterior band. Pygidial axis com- posed of three rings and a terminal piece; posterior margin with a medial notch. Surface covered with densely spaced granules.
Occurrence.—From dark-gray calcareous mudstone and shale (weathering yellow-green) in the lower and middle parts of the Balang Formation, eastern Guizhou, and western Hunan, South China (Jiangnan Slope Belt); Cambrian Stage 4, Duyunian Stage of the regional stratigraphic scheme. It also occurs in the Olenellus Zone-equivalent of the Henson Gletscher Formation, North Greenland (Cambrian Stage 4).
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