Lobo et al.—Dental features of Xenorhinotherium
Table 2. Measurements of specimens for calculation of hypsodonty index (HI).
Specimen MCL 3772
MCL 3776 MCL 3558 MCL 3795 MCL 3839
Wear stage 1
1 2 2 2
Height 32.37
30.94 27.58 29.44 30.33
Width 15.41
12.96 14.61 16.14 15.18
HI
2.10 2.39 1.89 1.82 2.00
differences in diet between X. bahiense and M. patachonica because both species show different premaxilla shapes— sharpened and straight, respectively (Cartelle and Lessa, 1988; Schmidt and Ferrero, 2014). Future studies should focus on other litopterns, mainly
Adianthidae and Proterotheriidae, families that are closely related with Macraucheniidae (Cifelli, 1985), to evaluate whether there is a common pattern of replacement sequence in monophyletic groups or whether there are multiple sequences during macraucheniid evolution, as in Artiodactyla and Perissodactyla (Smith, 2000). Furthermore, it is necessary to add more data about HI for Macraucheniidae in order to evaluate whether the increase in hypsodonty occurs with the diversifica- tion of the lineage, as in North American horses and probably in Proterotheriidae (Bond et al., 2001; Damuth and Janis, 2011). Additionally, data from other approaches (e.g., microwear and isotope analysis) are needed to make inferences concerning the paleoecology of Macraucheniidae.
Acknowledgments
We thank Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) for the financial grant and Uni- versidade Federal de Viçosa for the physical support to develop this work (grants to G. Lessa). This paper includes part of the Master’s thesis of L. Lobo and was supported by CAPES. A.M. Ribeiro (FZB/RS) was part of the thesis eval- uating committee and provided important suggestions that improved the manuscript. L. Lobo also thanks CAPES for his current scholarship (PhD candidate). We thank G. Muricy (Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro) for his critical revision of earlier versions of the manuscript. We also thank M. Bond, a second anonymous reviewer, and the editors for suggestions and comments.
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