Making a marker
The use of these markers in selecti ve breeding programmes has result- ed in signifi cant reducti ons in outbreaks and mortaliti es due to infecti ous pancreati c necrosis, demonstrati ng the power of such approaches to help control disease. Although this method has proven effi cient in improving resistance to
infecti ous pancreati c necrosis, the same SNP markers cannot be used to select for improving resistance to other viral diseases. This is due to diff erences in viral life cycles and diff erences in the biolog-
ical response of an individual upon infecti on. Therefore, new SNP markers must be identi fi ed, tested and validated for diff erent diseases. Recently, the same group at the Roslin Insti tute partnered up with re-
searchers at Nofi ma in Norway to apply the same techniques to improve resistance to another major viral disease, pancreas disease, currently aff ecti ng Atlanti c salmon farms in the UK and Norway. Using data from a large populati on of individuals which had been
exposed to the pancreas disease viral agent, scienti sts were able to show that resistance is heritable and can be transferred through generati ons from parent to off spring, suggesti ng that selecti ve breeding by using the most resistant individuals as parents for the next generati on would be an eff ecti ve strategy. Following on from this, the group of scienti sts successfully identi fi ed SNP markers associated with resistance on Atlanti c salmon chromosome three. These SNP markers were tested and validated in diff erent Atlanti c salmon populati ons and across the juvenile and adult stages of the life cycle, suggesti ng that similar biological mechanisms underlie resistance. This research was in collaborati on with breeding companies Salmo-
Breed and Marine Harvest. Breeding companies in Norway are now incorporati ng these markers into Atlanti c salmon breeding programmes to produce future generati ons of more resistant fi sh. Scienti sts in Norway and Scotland plan to conti nue their collaborati on
www.fishfarmer-magazine.com
applied on Atlanti c salmon farms for improving resistance to infecti ous pancreati c necrosis’
“This method is being successfully ”
and investi gati ons to further characterise the biological mechanisms infl uenced by these geneti c diff erences between resistant and suscepti - ble individuals.
For further informati on see (htt p://
www.roslin.ed.ac.uk/
news/2015/05/22/salmon-breeding-to-benefi t-from-gene-study-of-dis- ease-resistance/) and (htt p://
www.nature.com/hdy/journal/vaop/ncur- rent/full/
hdy201537a.html).
Dr Serap Gonen’s PhD involved investi gati ng the use of genomic
data in aquaculture breeding programmes, with a focus on improving resistance to major viral disease currently impacti ng Atlanti c salmon aquaculture. She is conti nuing her research into the various uti liti es of sequence data in breeding programmes. Dr Ross Houston is a principle investi gator in the Geneti cs and Genomics department at the Roslin Insti tute. His research includes the generati on and use of genomic technologies in breeding programmes in a number of aquati c species, including salmonids, sea bass, sea bream, oysters and mussels. FF
33
Page 1 |
Page 2 |
Page 3 |
Page 4 |
Page 5 |
Page 6 |
Page 7 |
Page 8 |
Page 9 |
Page 10 |
Page 11 |
Page 12 |
Page 13 |
Page 14 |
Page 15 |
Page 16 |
Page 17 |
Page 18 |
Page 19 |
Page 20 |
Page 21 |
Page 22 |
Page 23 |
Page 24 |
Page 25 |
Page 26 |
Page 27 |
Page 28 |
Page 29 |
Page 30 |
Page 31 |
Page 32 |
Page 33 |
Page 34 |
Page 35 |
Page 36 |
Page 37 |
Page 38 |
Page 39 |
Page 40 |
Page 41 |
Page 42 |
Page 43 |
Page 44 |
Page 45 |
Page 46 |
Page 47 |
Page 48 |
Page 49 |
Page 50 |
Page 51 |
Page 52 |
Page 53 |
Page 54 |
Page 55 |
Page 56 |
Page 57 |
Page 58 |
Page 59 |
Page 60 |
Page 61 |
Page 62 |
Page 63 |
Page 64 |
Page 65 |
Page 66 |
Page 67 |
Page 68