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INDEX 75


Elite capture, 2, 9, 21 Extension services, 51. See also Advisory services


Fadama I: conflicts among resource users in, 8; crop production focus of, 4; Fadama User Associations, 4, 14; states participating in, 4n, 13f, 14


Fadama II: advisory services provided by, 8, 52–57, 63; broad-based approach of, xiv, 64; changes from Fadama I, 4–5; community-driven approach of, 4–5; components of, 7–8, 9–10; counterpart funds in, 7; future research on, 37–38, 62; goals of, xiv, 2–3, 7–8; implementation of, 4, 5; postproduction activities supported by, 5; productive sectors supported by, 5; selection criteria in, 5–7, 13–14; states participating in, 4, 5–6, 12, 13–14, 13f; success factors of, xiv, 64; targeting in, 5, 7, 24, 25, 61


Fadama II impact assessment: advisory services demand, 26, 52–57, 53t, 58t; approach of, 10–11; data analysis for, 17–26; data collection for, 16–17, 21, 24; direct and indirect effects, 12–13; evaluation period, 8; income distribution, 48–51, 49t, 63; incomes, xiii, xiv, 40–46, 41f, 41t, 42–43t, 44t, 61–62, 64; medium- term review, 9–10, 38–40, 62; methodology of, 12–26; poverty reduction, 11, 45; productive-asset acquisition, 28–31, 29f, 30f, 32–33t, 34–35t, 36–40, 36t, 61, 63; sample selection for, 12–16, 15t; spillover effects, xiii, 12–13, 24, 41f, 47–48, 47f, 48t, 62–63; success stories, 46; technology adoption and demand, xiii–xiv, 26, 52–57, 53t, 63–64; variables, 21, 22–23t Fadama III: advisory services in, 64; credit sources in, 40, 62; financing for asset acquisition in, 40; targeting in, 63


Fadama areas: conflicts among resource users in, 4, 8, 16; definition of, 3n; resource users in, 3


Fadama Community Associations (FCAs): establishment of, 6; focus group discussions by members of, 15–16; local development plans of, 5; selection criteria for, 6; selection for Fadama II evaluation, 14 Fadama User Associations (FUAs), 4, 14 Fadama User Groups (FUGs): assets owned by, 28, 29f, 30n, 31, 36–37, 63; cash transfers to, 63; counterpart funds payments by, 7; formation of, 5; list of, 14n; members of, 5, 6, 14; selection criteria for, 6–7


Fadama Users’ Equity Fund, 62 FCAs. See Fadama Community Associations Female household heads: Fadama II bene- ficiaries, 24; income impact of Fadama II on, 45, 62; productive-asset acquisition by, xiii, 31; proportion of rural household heads, 14n; surveys of, 15; targeting of, xiii, 5, 24; technologies demanded and adopted, 57. See also Gender; Household heads; Women Financial management technologies, 52, 53t, 54, 56t, 57, 59, 63


Focus group discussions, 15–16 Free riding, 48, 54, 63 FUAs. See Fadama User Associations FUGs. See Fadama User Groups


Gender: income impact of Fadama II by, 43t, 44t, 45; productive-asset acquisition by, 31, 32–33t, 35t, 36–37, 38–40; spillover effects of Fadama II by, 48t. See also Female household heads; Women Gini coefficient, 21, 24, 48–50


HIV/AIDS, people with. See Vulnerable groups Household heads: ages of, 24–25; surveys of, 15. See also Female household heads Household incomes. See Incomes Households: consumption expenditures of, 21, 24, 48, 49t; selection for Fadama II evaluation, 14–15, 15t; sizes of, 24 Household survey, 12–15, 16–17, 21, 24 Humid forest zone: income impact of Fadama II in, 42, 62; productive-asset acquisition in, 29; states included in, 12. See also Agroecological zones


Improved crop varieties, 52, 53t, 55t, 57 Income distribution: coefficient of variation in, 50–51, 50t; Gini coefficient, 21, 24, 48–50; impact of Fadama II, 48–51, 49t, 63 Incomes: average effect of the treatment on the treated, 17–18; from crop production, 27; data collection, 21, 24; Fadama II goal of increasing, 7; impact of Fadama II on, xiii, xiv, 40–46, 41f, 41t, 42–43t, 44t, 61–62, 64; negative, 24, 50; from nonfarm activities, 27–28; sources of, 27–28, 28t; spillover effects of Fadama II, xiii, 41f, 47–48, 47f, 48t, 62–63 Inequality. See Income distribution Infrastructure investments, 7, 10 Irrigation, 31, 37, 45, 62


Kevane, M., 2 Khwaja, A., 1 Kleimeer, E., 1


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