6 Chapter 1 • Dynamics


1.4 Vector addition (summation) With scalar quantities, as with numerical numbers, addition simply means the sum of the quantities that have either positive or negative values, e.g.:


The sum of + 3: –2 and +4 = 3 – 2 + 4 = 5


Te addition of vectors working along a straight line, is similar to numerical and scalar addition. Example 1.3


On the first day a hiker walks 7 km east. Aſter camping for the night, he walks a further 9 km east. Illustrate this vectorially.


Solution:


Day 1 Day 2


7 N 9 N = 7 N


Resultant 16 N 9 N


Example 1.4


Two forces act on the same point. One is 7 N pulling to the right. Te other is 9 N pulling to the leſt. Find their sum.


Solution: 9 N


7 N


7 N


= 2 N


1.4.1 Coplanar vectors Coplanar vectors can also be referred to as two-dimensional vectors.


D


Definition 1.3 Coplanar vectors Coplanar vectors are vectors acting in the same plane.


Series or sequence addition is a common method of adding vectors. It is also known as the communitive rule.


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