ASIA Japan—Gray iron casting shipments


from Japan are forecast to decrease from 2,856,000 tons in 2007 to 1,670,000 tons in 2010 and not completely re- gain ground until 2016. Ductile iron shipments are forecast to rise from 1.2 million tons in 2010 to 2.3 million in 2016, spurred by a large increase in pipe and automotive usage. Aluminum casting consumption is forecast to con- tinue to rise. China—The total metal casting ship-


ments in China are now estimated to rise to 38 million metric tons in 2016, which is 36% of the total world ton- nage. China is rich in raw materials, and the coke used is inferior to other countries but less expensive. Labor costs are generally low but have risen to almost $1.50 an hour. An estimated 25% of total cast imports to the U.S. come from China. Korea—Gray iron, ductile iron and aluminum continue to grow and are forecast to hit new peak levels in 2016. India—An estimated 300,000 tons


of castings are exported to the U.S. from Indian metalcasting facilities, with the majority being in iron munic- ipal castings (Fig. 4). Anti-dumping tariffs have been imposed on Indian casting shipments.


MC


Table 5. Forecast of Japan’s Aluminum Casting Production (Thousand Metric Tons ) 2006


2007 54 9 56 9 2010


2016 DC PM/S DC PM/S DC PM DC PM


Industrial Machinery & Engineering 73 21 77 21 44 12 80 21 Electrical Equipment Automotive


32 6 55 9


Motorcycle & Other Vehicle Other Total


686 360 718 380 420 220 750 420 66 13 70 14 40 8 80 15 175 99 164 41 134 34 180 110 1,054 502 1,085 465 670 280 1,145 575


DC=Diecast; PM/S= Permanent Mold & Sand


Table 6. Forecast of China’s Casting Usage (Thousand Metric Tons) Market


Gray Iron


Automotive Locomotive


Farm & Engine Machine Tool


Valves & Special Machinery 370 na na Ductile Iron na Aluminum


2008 2016 2008 2016 2008 2016 4,820 5,000 1,860 2,400 2,410 3,240 350


2,110 2,190 530 1,250 1,300 350


370 340 350 na 1,220 1,270 200


Construction/Mining Machinery 990 1,030 200 Electrical/Power Equipment Ingot Mold Pipe/Fittings Leisure Other Total


na na


na


680 na


250 250 na na


3,500 3,640 3,100 4,000 na


na


na na na na na na na na


250 1,470 1,480 2,310 2,920 340


na na na na na na na na


320 440


16,400 17,000 8,200 10,500 3,000 4,000


Korean automaker Kia is an example of the growing Asian automotive market. Korea continues to add capacity at its metalcasting facilities, and exports from the country are expected to increase.


Fig. 4. India’s shipments of gray iron, duc- tile iron, aluminum and steel castings are forecast to reach 8.1 million tons in 2016.


MODERN CASTING / March 2010 35


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