E.C.O.TRACE®
MULTI SPECIES
protein (nitrogen) and gross energy was observed in this study. The feed utilisation efficiency (Gain: Feed ratio) was also improved with increasing levels of molasses. Although the improvement in growth was not big, it was attributed to the observed improvement in nutrient digestibility.
NOXIOUS GAS EMISSION Faecal noxious gas emission can indirectly indicate the health of the pigs and can directly affect the housing environment. Poor housing environment may cause health problems in pigs. In this study, differences in faecal noxious gas emission were observed among dietary treatments. The amount of ammonia emission and acetic acid production was measured for a period of 7 days. Compared to the control diet, ammonia emission was reduced by 2% when molasses was fed at 2.5%, whereas with 5% inclusion, the emission was reduced by 11%. A similar pattern was observed with acetic acid. The improvement in growth performance observed in this study suggests improvement in the absorption and utilisation of nutrients. Improved digestibility does not only mean more nutrients are available for growth, but that there are fewer undigested fractions that could act as substrate for pathogenic bacterial strains. This is particularly the case for undigested protein, which is linked to Clostridium perfringens, the bacteria responsible for necrotic enteritis. Reduced undigested materials in the lower GIT means less fermentation and gas production.
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MEAT QUALITY Pigs fed diets which included molasses showed no difference in meat colour, pH, and drip loss. However, the longissimus muscle area increased with increasing molasses inclusion level. Molasses at 5% inclusion resulted in a 4% increase in the longissimus muscle. A similar pattern was observed with cooking loss, which decreased by about 3% in the 2.5% inclusion level and by 4% in the 5% inclusion level.
SMALL INPUT – GREAT EFFECT
IMMUNITY Lymphocytes are one of the main cells of the immune system. There was a significant increase in lymphocytes with the supplementation of both the 2.5% and the 5% molasses levels compared to the control. Compared to the control diet, the 2.5% molasses had 6% higher lymphocytes, whereas the 5% molasses had 8% higher lymphocytes. The red blood cells and white blood cells were also measured and showed a similar pattern.
RECOMMENDATION From this study, molasses included at 5% can be considered a replacement for maize in finishing pig diets as it improves growth, immune status, and meat quality of finisher pigs. The ammonia emission was lower at this inclusion level. For practical reasons, it would be valuable to use a wider inclusion range to determine the possible detrimental level in finisher pig diets. In general, molasses has the potential to reduce the cost of pig
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diets, however the economics of feeding molasses will depend on its price relative to available cereal. Another ‘plus’ for molasses is that it improves the environment by reducing dust during feed processing.
PAGE 24 MARCH/APRIL 2021 FEED COMPOUNDER 19-04-15 HW Anzeige -
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