So far, you have learned how the Earth’s crust is divided into several sections of rock which float on molten magma. Moved by convection currents, the plates collide, separate and slide past each other. In Chapters 3 and 4, you learned about two effects of this movement: volcanoes and earthquakes. In this chapter, we will look at the creation of fold mountains and rock faults, which is the third effect of moving tectonic plates.
KEY WORDS
l Ductile l Anticline l Syncline l Limb l Symmetrical l Asymmetrical l Overturned
l Caledonian l Armorican l Alpine l Compression l Tension l Shearing l Normal fault
l Reverse fault l Transform fault l Escarpment l Heave l Throw
LEARNING OUTCOMES
What you MUST know l The types of plate boundaries where folding occurs
l The three main periods of folding l How folding has shaped the Irish landscape l The three main types of faulting l The three processes of faulting l Irish examples of folds and faults l Anticlines and synclines l How fold mountains form l How to identify the parts of a fault
What you SHOULD know l How domes and monoclines form
What is USEFUL to know l Additional global examples of faults
