Settlement and Rivers


4. (i) Examine the map opposite, which shows Norman towns in Ireland. These towns are situated mainly along rivers in which of the following parts of the country? Tick (✓) the correct answer.


The North and West The North and East


(ii) Kilkenny is a medieval city found on the River Nore, and was once a Norman settlement. Review the street map of Kilkenny city opposite and answer the questions that follow.


GeoSkill


You could be presented with many different types of maps in the exam. Getting familiar with maps of different types and scales is great practice. Always read the map key/legend and scan across the full map to take it all in.


(a) Outline one piece of evidence on the map that suggests that the area shown was part of a medieval Norman settlement.


The South and East The South and West


050100km


(b) Briefly explain how each of the factors below may have influenced the Normans in settling close to a river such as the Nore in Kilkenny.


How did they use rivers for transport? Why didn’t they use roads?


Transport


Influence of Rivers on Settlement


Water


What might early settlers need water for? What do you use water for?


Defence


When castles were built, what was built around them? Were they built in upland or lowlands?


11 RIVERS 119


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