T Transcripts
Logan: OK. So your main market is probably young people, about 16 to 25. Do you agree with that?
Celia:
Yes, I think so. Students buy a lot of ice cream. And kids love it too, of course, so maybe parents are another market?
Logan: All right. Now does you invention exist already? Celia: I don’t think so. But, as I said, how can I check? Logan: You can go on the US Patent Office website and the European Union Patent Office website. You must check the patents. Many inventions exist already. OK. Next, do you keep a logbook?
Celia: What’s that? Logan: A logbook is a record of your invention. It must be a bound notebook – you know, like a normal book, but with blank pages. You write everything in your logbook – the initial idea, early drawings, any research – like checking the patents. And you date each entry.
Celia: Why must I keep a … um … logbook? Logan: A logbook proves the invention is yours. You thought of the idea first. If it is a really good invention, you want to make money from it. You don’t want someone to steal it.
Celia: No, I want to be a millionaire! Logan: Right, well, back to reality! Does your invention work?
Celia: Um, well, it’s just an idea at the moment. Logan: That’s fine. But next, you must test the concept or idea. Inventors have many concepts, but often the idea does not work, or it is not safe.
Celia: Right. How can I test the concept? Logan: You must build a prototype – I mean, a model of the invention. The prototype must work, of course. People must be able to see the invention in practice.
Celia:
But I can’t build a model, a prototype. I don’t have all the materials.
Logan: OK. So, instead, you can make a simulation – you know, a video on the computer. A lot of inventors use simulations now. You can get special software. Simulations can show the mechanics of the invention, and the heat transfer and so on.
Celia: That’s a really good idea. Logan: OK, finally, check the safety of your invention. Sometimes new ideas are very clear and very useful, but they are dangerous. Always check the safety. You can check it with the simulation.
Celia: OK. What else? Logan: Well, at some point, you need to think of a good name for your invention. What are you going to call it?
Celia: Oh, I’m going to call it Cool Wave. What do you think?
Logan: I think that’s a really … 212
082
Unit 6, The mother of invention Grammar for listening: Predicting content after a linking word – and/but
Listen to eight sentences. What is the sound of and? What about but?
1. I like coffee and … 2. I like tea, but … 3. My house is small and … 4. My house is small, but … 5. The job is very interesting and … 6. The job isn’t very interesting, but … 7. This invention is cheap and … 8. This invention is good, but …
083 Unit 6, The mother of invention Exercise E
Listen to a summary of the programme. Number the next statement in each case. 1. Go on patents office websites and … 2. Keep a logbook of a new invention and … 3. Build a prototype or do a computer simulation and … 4. Prototypes are sometimes expensive, but … 5. You can build a small model, but … 6. Test the prototype and …
084 Unit 6, How does it work? Exercise B
Listen to the conversation (cover the transcript). What cooling method does Celia suggest?
Claire: OK. First of all, let’s discuss the method of cooling. We can’t use microwaves.
Celia: So, how can we cool the cabinet? Claire: Why don’t we use liquid nitrogen? Chris: Well, I’m not sure. Nitrogen is very dangerous, isn’t it?
Celia: I don’t know. I’ll check. Chris: Yes, you must. Claire: How about using cold water? It’s safe and it conducts heat much better than air.
Chris: Good idea. Celia: But I think it’s difficult to use water. Chris: Yes, actually, I agree. We need another way. Celia: OK. What about the gas in a freezer? Shall I do some research?
Claire: Cool. Now, what’s next?
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