27
6 : Successfulness assessment method for participants in the PT for particulate matter measuring
Participants perform three independent measurements of all monitored values (particulate matter mass flow, particulate matter mean concentration, air mass mean velocity in a profile, air mass flow in a profile), where the main comparative value is the particulate matter mass flow and the air mass mean velocity in the profile (other values are evaluated for reference only for a PT participant need).
Successfulness of participants in the PT for particulate matter emissions measuring is evaluated for each value separately, and a so-called Z-score is determined (in compliance with EN ISO/IEC 17043) with the aid of the measured results of the participants can be evaluated statistically.
Table 1. Successfulness of PT participants from 2009 - 2013
8 : Parameters of dust batched to the dust train within ALME-OR-06
Fly ash captured in the last section of the electrostatic separator behind a hard coal burning boiler with a wet bottom furnace is used for batching within the PT. This fly ash is dried and particles of granulometry > 200 µm are removed. Granulometric analysis of this dust is shown in the following chart. This dust is relatively coarse in comparison with typical industrial sources dust emissions, which allows better examining of the ability of PT participants to cope with aerosol isokinetic sampling principles.
Note: The larger (massy) particles are contained in aerosol, the more substantial are the aerosol isokinetic sampling influences on the measured particulate matter concentration accuracy.
x is a value measured by a participant within the respective measurement
X is a reference value relevant for the respective participant within the respective measurement
σ is a standard deviation for proficiency assessment (an estimation of the method variability determining acceptable results) This value is determined by the PT organiser.
If the Z-score resulting value was ≤ 2, the given parameter measurement is successful.
During years of organising these PT’s the criteria have been adapted depending on the proficiency testing provider’s decision.
In 2009 and 2010 the criteria were relatively moderate and to achieve Z-score value ≤ 2 at least once of three measured values was enough to pass out the PT successfully. Since 2011 the successfulness criterion has been made stricter and for passing out the PT successfully Z-score value ≤ 2 needs to be achieved in all three independent measurements for the given value.
7 : Results of participants of the PT for particulate matter measuring in 2009 - 2013
Every year measuring groups from the Czech Republic, Slovak Republic, Poland, Serbia and Germany have been coming over for comparative measurements. Successfulness of participants is reviewed in the table below.
The first decile d(0.1)= 2 µm; median d(0.5) = 16 µm; the ninth decile d(0.9) = 60 µm
Chart: Granulometric analysis of fly ash used within the PT (determined on MASTERSIZER 2000 apparatus)
If needed, the dust can be processed to the demanded granulometry with the help of sieves. Any non-explosive, non-radioactive, non-toxic, dry, loose and non-adhesive solid particles of size c. from 5 up to 200 µm can be batched to the dust testing train. The used dust can be polydispersive or, in case of need, pseudo monodispersive (i.e. with a noticeable proportion of particles of a certain size).
Air Monitoring
27
Acknowledgements
This article has been elaborated in the framework of the project Opportunity for young researchers, reg. no. CZ.1.07/2.3.00/30.0016, supported by the Operational Programme Education for Competitiveness and cofinanced by the European Social Fund and the state budget of the Czech Republic, project reg. no. SP2014/125 “Specific emissions of pollutants and operating characteristics of small combustion sources” supported by the Ministry Of Education, Youth and Sports and project reg. no. CZ.1.07/2.4.00/17.0032 “Future of engineering studies” supported by the Operational Programme Education for Competitiveness.
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www.envirotech-online.com IET September / October 2014
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