HISTORIC ENGLAND


THE 20TH CENTURY In the early 20th century the popularity of the terrace continued but new architectural styles emerged.


Terraces from this period are typically even more decorative than their predecessors, as the Arts and Craft Movement inspired a greater focus on ornament, for example adding greater embellishment to chimneys, windows and porches.


Following the end of the First World War and the advent of new housing legislation in 1919, Victorian terraces swiftly became associated with overcrowding and slums.


The new kind of terrace was much shorter, usually in runs of four or six, and formed part of the large new municipal estates built between the wars along Garden City lines, with private gardens front and back and set in low density, green streetscapes.


In the private sector, the popularity of the terrace declined and gave way to the rise of the suburban semi-detached houses, as the railways and electric tramways allowed workers to move further out from city centres across England.


During this time, Modernism arrived in Britain and some architects made gentle experiments with the terrace. Berthold Lubetkin and Ernő Goldfinger both designed Modernist terraces in south and north London respectively, but this work is fairly rare.


Lubetkin’s used new construction techniques to reinvent the traditional terrace quite radically, whilst Goldfinger used brick in his ‘adaptation of the 18th century style’ with classical proportions.


During the Second World War 200,000 houses were destroyed, 250,000 made uninhabitable and 3m damaged. A radical rethink of housing design was desperately needed and architects began to look up.


Continued >>


From the top:


Acton, London © Historic England Archive DP067415


Sunray Estate


© Historic England Archive DP186810


Keeling House, Denys Lasdun


© Historic England Archive DP138156


128 Listed Heritage Magazine January/February 2020


Glebelands, Harlow, Essex


© Historic England Archive DP159910


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