ALTERNATIVE REFRIGERANTS
bar. The difference in discharge pressure is considerable with CO2
.
This can be challenging for the installer because it leads you into unfamiliar territory. R410A is very much a go-to refrigerant and its widespread use has led to contractors and maintenance engineers gaining a good understanding of its low-pressure capabilities and how to react when a problem arises.
’s high-pressure properties require new ways of thinking. To cope with this, installation teams have to be aware that everything needs to be of a heavier
But CO2
gauge. Compressors have to be redesigned for CO2 use and so too all other equipment relating to it.
The different operational parameters of CO2 systems have to be taken into consideration. Quite often in the UK, CO2
will have the capabilities to
operate in the transcritical mode which means you are working outside the saturation envelope where mixtures are not so stable. This is a key element that system designers have to be aware of before embarking on a CO2
installation. For good reason, the low GWP values of CO2 are
leading many installers to advocate the use of this natural refrigerant. It is unlikely that there will be shortages because it is a naturally occurring phenomenon. Another plus point is that installers have also learned how to handle the transcritical process. In essence this means that as the discharge leaves the compressor it does not need to pass through a condenser and, instead, a gas cooler is used to reject the heat.
To make it change back into a liquid, the gas has to pass through a pressure reduction valve. The upshot is that the installer requires different skills and an understanding of new installation techniques, which is critical in a practical and a safety sense. But this should not deter you from considering employing CO2
systems, as improved skill levels
ultimately lead to an increase in business. Generally speaking, it is worth noting that the higher the discharge pressures the less efficient the compressor becomes. This is an issue in countries with hot climates but is certainly not a factor to worry too much about in the UK.
brings to the end user through greater efficiencies in its operation will make a difference. The peace of mind that will also accompany this through the adoption of a very low GWP natural refrigerant – and one which won’t be rising in price because of shortages – will also earn high marks with the end-user.
Bear in mind that for a supermarket chain, or a large food processor, the size of refrigeration systems in use can be enormous. The savings that CO2
It’s worth remembering too that customers are looking for the supermarket majors to adopt a more holistic approach to the way that food and drink reaches the shopping trolley. For many, this is an important principle in their weekly shop and CO2
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is becoming increasingly popular because it is a natural occurring element. My advice is to think green, up-skill and your business will benefit.
www.acr-news.com December 2017 39
• Electronic and Pneumatic Control Valves • Liquid Level Transducers • Flap Indicators • Oil Separators • Circular Welded Plate • Heat Exchangers • Shell & Tube Condensers • DX Chillers • Brazed Plate • Heat Exchangers • Capillary Hose • Leak Detection Equipment
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