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this has been occurring for hundreds of years and is therefore considered part of the existing environment described in section 10.5.


59.


The benthic ecology cumulative impact assessment draws from findings of earlier studies undertaken to inform the East Anglia ZEA (East Anglia Offshore Wind 2012) and Chapter 7 Marine Geology, Oceanography and Physical Processes which uses empirical assessment to provide a level of magnitude of effects which may apply to benthic ecology.


60.


The format of the cumulative impact assessment has been discussed and agreed as part of the Evidence Plan Process (see Appendix 10.1).


10.4.5 Transboundary Impact Assessment 61.


Transboundary impacts have been assessed through consideration of the extent of influence of changes or effects and their potential to impact upon benthic ecology receptor groups that are located within other EU member states.


62.


Transboundary impacts were considered in the Scoping Report and it was concluded that for benthic ecology, “transboundary impacts are unlikely to occur or are unlikely to be significant.” (East Anglia THREE Ltd 2012). To date, EATL have not received any consultation responses questioning this statement. This position is supported by the physical processes assessment (see Chapter 7Marine Geology, Oceanography and Physical Processes).


10.5 Existing Environment 63.


The environmental baseline, including descriptions of sediment type, infauna and epifauna, is presented for the East Anglia THREE site, the offshore cable corridor and the inshore and intertidal areas of landfall. A description of protected areas and important species in the vicinity of the project is also provided.


10.5.1 Sea bed Sediments 64.


The sea bed across the East Anglia THREE site is homogeneous and is characterised predominantly by sand, with some muddy sand. These sediment types are typical of the types of bedforms (sandwaves, megaripples, sand ridges) that are present. Muddy sand occurs in deeper areas and correlates with locations where the surficial sediments are a thin veneer and the underlying muddy Brown Bank Formation is close to sea bed. At these locations bedforms are absent. The most common sediment grain size is medium sand with one sample collected containing very fine sand2 (very fine sand).


2 (d50) ranges from 0.21 to 0.36mm (medium sand) and d50of 0.07mmrespectively


Preliminary Environmental Information May 2014


East Anglia THREE Offshore Windfarm


Chapter 10 Benthic Ecology Page 30


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