Technology and business models from the shared mobility industry can help drive down costs and increase service availability”
in Germany. With the government supported model-project Fahrsmart in the early 1990s Germany was on a worldwide competitive track in this regard8
Lift Paratransit in Portland, Oregon . However, most of
the following ambitious e-ticketing projects have not been as success- ful as initially expected/hoped. The status of e-ticketing in the Berlin- Brandenburg transit association for example is today far beyond that having been planned to be reached in 20029
.
4. The public sector and private operators are eager to collaborate to improve paratransit service using emerging approaches and technol- ogy. While a number of regulatory and institutional hurdles complicate partnerships in this area, technol- ogy and business models from the shared mobility industry can help drive down costs, increase ser- vice availability and improve rider experience. The term Paratransit was intro-
duced in the US in the early 1970s. According to the dictionary of public transport it is defined as follows10
:
Forms of public transport services using normal streets and roads which are more flexible and person- alized than conventional fixed-route, fixed schedule service, but do not include such services as charter Bus and exclusive-ride taxi; paratransit vehicles are usually available to the public on demand, by subscription, or on a shared ride basis. Today in the United States par- atransit is often connected to
76
developed for new shared mobility services can be folded into existing paratransit operations as part of the ongoing technical evolution of the sector. Some applicable methods and technologies include: • Interactive reservation, confir- mation, schedule adjustment and cancellation systems;
• Dynamic dispatch and routing of vehicles;
• Route combination for rid- ers with similar origins/ destinations;
• App-based payment integrated into reservation systems;
community transit services, which are mostly highly subsidized door- to-door services with special vehi- cles or taxis. A typical example is the Lift Paratransit Service in Portland, Oregon11
. Such services play a grow-
ing important role in serving the mobility needs of elderly people and or those, who are not able to use the regular public transit, because of their handicaps. These services are in general strongly regulated and very expensive. As a consequence of the demographic change the demand for such services are rapidly growing since years. This is true as well for the effects of continuing urbaniza- tion on low dense populated (rural) areas, where only vary few or even no regular public transit is available. It is stated, that the technologies
and business models of the new shared-use modes will likely find applicability to paratransit in two main ways: First,
individual technologies
thinkingcities.com
• Ability to track vehicle arrival and share trip details, location, and estimated arrival time with caregivers or other third-par- ties; and
• Real-time customer feedback.
The second, and perhaps more revo- lutionary, application would be the direct provision of transportation services to persons with disabili- ties by new ride-sourcing or micro- transit providers. While this might seem like an extension of traditional taxi subsidies or dial-a-ride forms of demand response transporta- tion, fundamental differences in the underlying business models make this more complicated - while offer- ing the possibility for greater positive change if certain questions can be resolved.
Regarding paratransit, compa-
rably detailed comments are made in the report. That is justified on one hand by referring to the broad
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