skies followed by grey skies without a breeze. This can create a situation where
suddenly we need to generate more power to meet the demand. Today, we have a large amount of mainly gas- fired powerplants that can quickly ramp up to fill in the gaps. The oppo- site also happens today. For example, in Germany there is so much solar and wind power that on occasion we need to put that to work somewhere (we can’t stop the wind or sunshine at will) which, believe or not, results in Germany paying neighbouring coun- tries to use their electricity. The industry is putting heaps of
work into solving both of the above problems at once: stationary battery storage. The most vivid example is the Tesla Powerwall. These batteries do exactly what you expect; they store energy when there is an oversupply of power and discharge again when there is a shortage of power. The additional advantage here is that this process takes milliseconds rather than minutes in case of traditional power plants. Stationary battery storage helps
to fill the gaps with a renewable energy generation capacity. But even on a more local scale it will help to address peaks in energy demand.
In Germany there is so much solar and wind power that on occasion we need to put that to work somewhere that often results in Germany paying neighbouring countries to use their electricity
Imagine everyone drives an EV and plugs it in when coming home from work. This peak load can easily be addressed by discharging stationary storage batteries on the grid. The interesting thing here is that
EVs themselves are essentially bat- teries on wheels. That means that everything just described above can and will equally be carried out by electric vehicles. As such, EVs play an essential role in a smart city’s energy management. Not many people real- ise it, but it is the first time in human history that the automotive industry becomes interlinked with the electric industry.
ENERGY TRADING When all devices are connected to the Internet, it opens a world of opportunities that we cannot even begin to imagine today. One aspect that is particularly interesting is trad- ing of energy. When energy pricing becomes real-time for every con- nected device, it becomes entirely thinkable to set trading rules for devices. This is particularly powerful for local communities that want to
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Mobility, Multiodality and Traffic Efficiency
ELECTRIC VEHICLES/INTERNET OF THINGS
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