LEGISLATION PLAYS A CRUCIAL ROLE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE MOBILITY MARKET Against the backdrop of changing mobility behaviour, innovative con- cepts, resources, as well as organi- zational and technical solutions are necessary. This also includes a change in mobility legislation. According to 60 per cent of experts, mobility legislation should become more liberal. While the agreement in most countries ranges from 48-70 per cent, amongst Israeli experts the call for liberal mobility legislation to ensure efficient urban mobility is the highest (83 per cent). French experts, however, remain scepti- cal. Only a few (26 per cent) would
support liberal mobility legislation (figure 1).
CONTRASTING DEVELOPMENTS IN CITIES AND RURAL AREAS Currently, new mobility solutions mainly target large urban areas. Concepts such as carsharing and intermodal mobility services have already arrived in metropolitan areas with mature infrastructure and large populations in place. Higher density makes cities particularly attractive. According to experts, the new mobil- ity hotspots of the next few years are expected to be London (35 per cent), Berlin (32 per cent) and Amsterdam (25 per cent) 84 per cent of experts agree that start-ups will continue to
Fig. 4: Appropriate reactions by public transport agencies and the automotive industry regarding the changing mobility market
focus on cities first. While currently rural areas appear to be chronically neglected, 77 per cent of experts see an opportunity for mobility service pro- viders to explore this attractive niche by adapting their offer structures and developing innovative schemes
START-UPS ARE DISRUPTING THE MOBILITY MARKET The mobility market is changing from a two-pillar model of public transport and the automotive industry to a tri- angular relationship with start-ups. The protagonists who cooperate with start-ups will have a decisive market advantage. 78 per cent of experts agree that the automotive industry should extend cooperation and joint ventures with start-ups. While 36 per cent agree that the automotive industry should develop own new mobility services. Similar recom- mendations are given to PTAs: while only 24 per cent of experts agree that PTAs should develop their own intel- ligent transportation system (ITS) services, 90 per cent would recom- mend increased cooperation and joint-ventures with start-ups Figure 2 The most promising new mobil- ity segments appear to be e-hailing and carsharing which, according to experts, are expected to grow by 13 per cent, and intermodal mobil- ity services by 12 per cent within the next five years until 2021. 80 per cent of experts, however,
believe that only a few start-ups will survive in the next 5-10 years This is largely believed especially amongst experts from the automotive indus- try (93 per cent), while respondents from start-ups (67 per cent) and incubators and accelerators (75 per cent) remain more optimistic.
DYNAMIC MOBILITY MARKET SITUATION WITH LOW INTERNATIONAL TRANSPARENCY When asked about the most prom- ising start-ups in the respondents’
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