Cocaine use is down by most measures. The NSDUH estimates for current cocaine use are much lower from 2009 to 2013.
fluid general workforce tests. Tere were an estimated 1.4 million (0.5 percent) current non-medical users of stimulants in 2013, which is similar to 2012 (1.2 million or 0.5 percent), but is higher than the estimates in 2011 (970,000 or 0.4 percent). Te drug seizure data from the NFLIS
has generally shown increases in metham- phetamine since 2010 and, nationally, it is the third most frequently (13 percent) identified drug and the most frequently identified substance in the West (37.8 percent). Te estimated number of cur- rent methamphetamine users is 595,000 (0.2 percent) which is similar to 2012 (440,000) and 2011 (439,000) but higher than 2010 (353,000 or 0.1 percent). Tis increase in methamphetamine use started to be reflected in the 2012 and 2013 DTI data when the positivity rate increased by double digits in both oral fluid and urine general workforce tests and in 2013 hair data when it increased by more than 50 percent (0.77 percent vs. 1.2 percent). In oral fluid, the positivity rate went from 0.12 percent in 2011 to 0.16 percent in 2012 (up 33 percent) and to 0.24 percent in 2013 (up 50 percent). In urine, the positivity rate went from 0.09 percent
in 2011 to 0.11 percent in 2012 (up 22 percent) and to 0.14 percent in 2013 (up 27 percent). Te usage rates in the MTF survey have been holding steady (1 per- cent or less among all grade levels) while the DAWN ED data shows a 68 percent increase in illicit stimulant (primarily amphetamine and methamphetamine) mentions between 2009 and 2011.
Prescription Opiates / Pain Relievers
Tere were an estimated 4.5 million (1.7 percent) current non-medical users of prescription pain relievers in 2013. Tis is similar to those in 2011 and 2012 (4.5 million and 4.9 million, respectively, or 1.7 percent and 1.9 percent). Te number and percentage of current non-medical users of the pain reliever OxyContin® in 2013 (492,000 or 0.2 percent) were similar to the numbers in 2007 to 2012 (ranging from 358,000 to 566,000 or 0.1 percent to 0.2 percent). Te DTI data reported positivity declines for certain prescription opiates in urine drug tests. Oxycodones (oxycodone and/or oxymorphone) positivity declined 8.3 percent (0.96 percent vs. 0.88 percent) between 2012 and 2013 and 12.7 percent (1.1 percent vs. 0.96 percent) between 2011 and 2012 in the general workforce. Four states experienced double-digit declines in oxycodones positivity rates in both 2012 and 2013: Florida, Massachu- sets, New Jersey and Ohio. Hydrocodone positivity remained at 1.3 percent between 2012 and 2013, which is down slightly from its high of 1.4 percent in 2011. In the DAWN ED data, oxycodone is the most frequently mentioned narcotic pain re- liever. In the MTF, hydrocodone use by 8th and 10th graders is unchanged while use by 12th graders is down from 7.5 percent in 2012 to 5.3 percent in 2013. OxyContin® use remains unchanged among 8th (2 per- cent) and 10th (3.4 percent) graders and is down slightly among 12th (3.6 percent) graders, in this dataset. In the NFLIS data,
14 datia focus winter 2015
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