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26 ANALYTICAL AND LABORATORY EQUIPMENT


Such a matrix opens up numerous new possibilities. In this way, the influence of the physical environment (stiffness and architecture) on stem cell differentiation or cell migration can be investigated.


Forces can be measured and reactions to various stimuli can be observed and analysed. Te results include knowledge regarding tissue regeneration or the influence of active pharmaceutical ingredients on wound healing, for example.


‘Writing’ with a laser pen How structures are fabricated is not trivial at all, however, the principle is easy to understand: as a result of strongly focusing ultra-short laser pulses into the photosensitive and biologically compatible polymer, the polymer is exposed to light in the focus through a nonlinear process.


Comparable to a pen that is guided in three dimensions, the laser beam writes into the material along any desired paths. Line widths from


“A typical area of application for 3D laser lithography respectively 3D printing is also the creation of three-dimensional structures for cell biology.”


Fig. 2. The influence of the physical environment (stiffness and architecture) on stem cell differentiation or cell migration can be investigated with tailored cell scaffolds.


Photo: courtesy of Prof. Dr. Martin Bastmeyer, Benjamin Richter, KIT.


several micrometers down to 150 nm are achieved in this way.


However, a high precision with the 3D trajectory writing mode can only


be realised when the positioning is correspondingly precise. During the writing process, the laser and focus remains fixed and the workpiece has to be moved according to the


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