Vol. 64, No. 3 Autumn 2019 196


10. View at stern with stern piece and frame #1 in place. Note the wedge between the bottom boards and the building board.


nails, counterbored and spaced two to three inches apart. (Gardner 1987, 114) Aſt er the model is glued together, providing nails is amazingly similar. Holes are bored and short lengths of brass wire are press fi tted with a bit of adhesive. T e wire is cut off and fi led fl at to create the head. Select a gauge of wire that will match the head of the nail, in scale, not the shank.


Crooks and cleats


For this model exercise, hardwood twigs of an inch or less in diameter will be required. Just as basswood will be substituted for the white pine called for in the scantlings, fruit woods (such as pear, apple or cherry) will substitute for white oak. T ey are more than strong enough, and their fi ner grain will simplify the modeling process and contribute to accuracy. Various trees and types branch diff erently.


For modeling purposes, just as in ship building, it is best to cut wood ahead of time and let it season. Individual twigs will have diff erent curves. Moving your patterns about on your stock will help to make the best selection.


T e selected stock should be long enough to allow about an actual inch of wood to extend beyond the head of the frame. T e selected piece is then sided to the scale thickness called for in the scantlings: 1-3/8 inches. Your new calipers locked to the proper thickness will serve as a gauge. A small wood rasp and fi le will serve here. T e pattern can then be applied to one of the fl at surfaces and its perimeter marked with a pencil. A small saw is used to cut out the crook. (Figure 9) Do not forget to leave the extra length at the upper end. Straight pieces of proper dimensions can also be produced in the same manner to provide the cleats.


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