UNITÉ 12: LES ADVERBES Quatrième partie : Les quantificateurs
We use quantifiers when we want to give someone information about the number or amount of something, for example, “I eat a lot of chocolate.” or “He drinks too much coffee.”
In French, you will express this by using an adverb of quantity (see page 117) followed by the preposition de (d’ if followed by a vowel or a silent h). Assez de, autant de, beaucoup de, moins de, peu de, plus de and trop de are called locutions adverbiales. You don’t need to know this terminology, simply remember that the construction adverb + de / d’ is used to express the quantity of something.
Exemples Je mange beaucoup de chocolat. Il a acheté trop de vêtements. Ils ont mis assez de sel dans la soupe ? Tu veux moins de gâteau ?
I. Traduisez les phrases suivantes en français. 1. There are1
a lot of social problems in my area.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. There are fewer students in my Physics and Art classes2
.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. I have so much homework this year. It’s crazy!
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. There are so many young people without work in Ireland at the moment. It’s scandalous3 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. There are very few opportunities for graduates4
! in this country nowadays. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
6. For Leaving Certificate subjects, there is not enough freedom of choice. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
7. I have very little money now, because I stopped working this year to study. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 8. There are not a lot of local companies in Ireland. It’s a big problem.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
9. I have too much stress in my life at the moment. I have too much work to do and not enough time. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
10. There are a lot of social issues at the moment – a lot of unemployment, very few opportunities, more crime and delinquency, so much violence in the street, not enough police, too much stress, less money, etc.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Exercise tips 1 Il y a = there is / there are Il n’y a pas = there is not / there are not 2
Remember possession in Unit 6? In order to say “my French class” or “my French book”, you need to say “my class of French” or “my book of French” – the de may have to be modified.
3
Scandalous, generous, serious, dangerous and all those adjectives that end in –ous in English, normally end in –eux (or –euse) in French.
4 For graduates, use the word diplômés – literally those with a diploma. 121 12
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