10 ACCIDENT ANALYSIS IN CONSTRUCTION
A
Case Study 1
For any property developer, time is money, and there is usually financial pressure for buildings to be built as quickly as possible. As a result of this, developers sometimes choose to overlap the design and construction phases of a project. In other words, the construction actually begins before the entire building is completely designed! This is different to the traditional approach where the building is designed first, then a call for tenders is made in order to employ a contractor who then constructs the
B Case Study 2
One potential solution to the problem of constructing safe, good quality buildings properly is to overlap the design and build phases of a project in a design and build contract. Despite the potential problems of design and build, there are many advantages to using the approach. One advantage is that it may actually save the client money, both in speeding up the program but also in curtailing overbudget spend. The risk to the client may be smaller in D/B because of the shorter timescale. Also, from the client’s perspective, there is only one organization to deal with (usually the main contractor), and there is less chance of ‘the buck being passed’ when things go wrong. However, many of the apparent advantages of D/B may equally be disadvantages. For example, as Carper (2001) points out, a D/B contractor could take reckless short cuts with materials choices and structural design without consultation, which could result in failures and accidents.
D
Case studies in engineering ethics Marion Butler
First published in 2007 by Norton & Stamp Ltd. 11 Vine Lane, London EC4P 5EI © 2007 Marion Butler Reprinted 2009
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of the Publishers.
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Norton & Stamp
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ISBN 0-321-09488-5
building. The overlapping approach is called ‘design and build’ (D/B). It has advantages, but can lead to confusion and safety problems, as the Hyatt Regency Hotel disaster shows. In a D/B project, one organization (usually the main contractor) would become responsible for everything. This would require very careful management of responsibilities and clear internal communication. The contractor must also be ready to adjust or correct work because of unforeseen problems.
C References
Banset, E. A., & Parsons, G. M. (1989). Communications failure in Hyatt Regency disaster. Journal of Professional Issues in Engineering, 115(3), 273–288.
Carper, K. L. (2001). Forensic engineering – the perspective from N. America. In: Campbell, P. (ed.) Learning from Construction Failures. Caithness: Whittles Publishing.
Conn, R., Jacobitz, T., Olsen, P. & Rains, M. (1982). The Hyatt Regency walkway collapse. Retrieved December 8, 2008, from
http://www.rosehulman.edu/Class/ce/ HTML/publications/momentold/ winter96-97/
hyatt.html
Taylor, R. K., & Moncarz, P. D. (2000). Engineering process failure – Hyatt walkway collapse. Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities, 14(2), 46–56.
Source: Butler, 2007
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