5


MEMS AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 5.1 Vocabulary word sets: synonyms, antonyms, etc. • describing trends


A Look at the pictures of products on the opposite page. 1 What sorts of technologies can you see?


2 What other products do you know of that use similar technologies?


B Study the words in box a. 1 Find pairs of words with similar meanings.


2 What part of speech is each word? a analysis nano detector


application atom characteristic device


particle sensor size


property synthesis


technique component


examination method mixture repellent


resistant tiny


use


C Study the Hadford University handout on this page. Find pairs of blue words/phrases with similar meanings.


D Study the words in box b. 1 Find pairs of opposites and divide into two main sets.


2 Add more words to make subsets. 3 Give a name to each subset.


b dangerous expensive flexible futuristic inefficient


large liquid low-cost micro opaque outmoded practical rigid safe simple solid sophisticated transparent


E Work with a partner. Each choose a product on the opposite page and talk about its features. Give your


opinions on the technology involved. Use words from boxes a and b.


F Look at Figure 1 on the opposite page. 1 What does the diagram show?


2 What happened to each of the markets for MEMS applications?


G Study the description of Figure 2 on this page. Write one word or two in each space. Use obliques to show


alternatives. H Look at Figure 2 on the opposite page again.


1 Which two departments received the most funding over the five-year period? Why?


2 Why would funding to the Department of Energy increase significantly for 2009?


38 scale Faculty: Engineering


Lecture: Introduction to micro-electromechanical systems and nanotechnology


MEMS and nanotechnology are areas of science related to the manufacture of products and materials at very small sizes.


1 What is MEMS? ● It is concerned with the design and production of micro-electromechanical systems about 1–10,000 µm in size.


● It is used in components such as pressure sensors or accelerometers. Products like the Apple iPhone and Nintendo Wii utilize MEMS devices.


2 What is nanotechnology? ● It involves devices and materials on the tiniest scale – below 1µm. A ‘nanometre’ measures 1x10–9


m.


● Currently, most products are simply new kinds of materials, used, e.g., in sunscreen, food packaging and disinfectants.


● At the moment, this technology is really an extension of other fields – chemistry and materials science.


Figure 2 shows US government spending nanotechnology over seven key national departments


2004 2009.


Funding to the Department of Defence by $140 million


the period. The figures for the Department of Energy show a between 2004 proposed


yearly rise over the five-year period. .


2008, but with a $60 million for


2009. Funding to NASA, however, from $47 million


$19 million


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