ADDITIVES | FLAME RETARDANTS
Figure 6: Properties of LLDPE/EVA-based compounds containing various Apyral mineral-based flame retardant packages
65% Apyral 40CD
TS [MPa] before hot air aging
TS [MPa] after hot air aging (100 °C, 168 h) Elongation at break [%] before hot air aging
Elongation at break [%] after hot air aging (100 °C, 168 h) MVR [cm³/10 min] at 190 °C/21.6 kg LOI (%O2) Shore D
UL 94V [at 1.6 mm] Source: Nabaltec
14.7 14.8 141 117 3.6 42 58
Failed
of 4 wt% Apyral AOH EXL 500-17-C with 61 wt% Apyral 40CD aluminium hydroxide reached a UL 94 V-0 rating (at 1.6 mm) whereas the formulation containing only Apyral 40CD (65 wt%) failed to achieve a classification. Furthermore, the good mechanical properties of the compound can be maintained when both Apyral 40CD and Apyral AOH EXL 500-17-C are used (Figure 6). “Moreover, we found that the addition of Apyral AOH EXL 500-17-C optimises the compound’s performance in the hot air ageing test (100 °C, 168 h),” says Dr Corina Neumeister, R&D and Technical Service Manager, Cables & Polymers. “It is well known that synergists like nanoclays
very often impair the compound processability. Apyral AOH EXL 500-17-C enhances flame retar- dancy while not negatively affecting the process- ability,” says Neumeister. LKAB Minerals says it is continuing to develop its
UltraCarb range of natural flame retardant fillers. The latest addition to the range – Ultracarb LH3 – was specifically designed to be used in highly filled thermoplastic compounds. The company says that many natural fire-retardant fillers have poor colour consistency and inadequate control of the filler particle size distribution, a limitation that UltraCarb LH3 is claimed to overcome. It is made from LKAB’s own mineral deposits of hydromagnesite/huntite. LKAB recently commissioned an evaluation of
the environmental impact of UltraCarb (according to ISO 14040-14044), which found that greenhouse emissions and energy consumption is 40% - 45% lower than with aluminium hydroxide. “Since full production started in 2016, UltraCarb LH3 has seen strong year-on-year growth,” says Ian Yates, Busi- ness Development Manager for UltraCarb. “In the technically and commercially challenging market for halogen-free cable sheathing compounds, the
44 COMPOUNDING WORLD | December 2017
61% Apyral and 4% 40CD Apyral AOH EXL 500-17-C
13.1 14.0 171 155 2.8 42 55
V-0 62% Apyral
40CD and 3% nanoclay
17.1 18.6 150 132 0.9 41 59
V-0
product has found a high level of acceptance.” In EPS and XPS polystyrene foams, HBCD
(hexabromocyclododecane) has been largely replaced as a flame retardant by polymeric FRs such as ICL’s FR-122P butadiene styrene bromi- nated copolymer. Lein Tange at ICL Europe says that, for both XPS and extruded EPS (xEPS) produc- tion, FR-122P must be introduced via a master- batch to ensure a homogenous, accurate and stable mixture. These masterbatches include thermal stabilisers to protect FR-122P from degradation. “ICL Industrial Products Brominated Epoxy F-2200 has been in use for years as such,” Tange says. “However, the use of the polymeric FR-122P in XPS applications required the introduction of a polymer- ic stabiliser to ensure a 100% polymeric master- batch. For this purpose, ICL developed an innovative brominated epoxy polymeric acid scavenger stabiliser. It exhibits improved stabilising properties and excellent synergy with FR-122P.” Samples are available for full scale production trials.
CLICK ON THE LINKS FOR MORE INFORMATION: �
www.pinfa.org �
www.clariant.com �
www.budenheim.com �
www.frxpolymers.com �
www.icl-group.com �
www.lanxess.com �
www.adeka.co.jp/en �
www.paxymer.se �
www.dowcorning.com �
www.borax.com �
www.kyowa-chem.jp/en �
www.martinswerk.com �
www.nabaltec.de �
www.lkabminerals.com
www.compoundingworld.com
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