Key components of a mycotoxin risk management programme
An effective mycotoxin risk management programme must integrate multiple touchpoints – from crops in the field through harvesting, raw material storage, feed mill hygiene, data analysis and the use of mycotoxin binders.
BY DR SWAMY HALADI, GLOBAL PROGRAMME MANAGER, MYCOTOXIN RISK MANAGEMENT, TROUW NUTRITION A 2.40 Layer model (week 26-38)
2.30 2.20 2.10 2.00
1.90 1.80 1.70 1.60 1.50
Negative control
Positive control
Positive
control + 1.0 kg/t Toxo-XL
c Broiler model (day 0-42) a b
Negative control
Positive control
Positive
control + 3.0 kg/t Toxo-XL
Post-harvest and storage management Two critical requirements for protecting ingredients post- harvest and during storage include accurate monitoring of mycotoxin contamination after harvest and using automatic spectral imaging technology to separate contaminated grains and other products before storage. The storage support system should include preservation treatments using mould control agents in liquid (preferable) or powder form, and automated real-time monitoring of temperature, relative humidity, and carbon dioxide levels in silos as risk level monitoring markers.
52 ▶ MYCOTOXINS | NOVEMBER 2021
s toxic chemicals produced from moulds, myco- toxins present a persistent and far-ranging threat. Mycotoxins can grow on crops in the field, or emerge during harvesting, transport of raw mate-
rials (RM) or in the storage of RM in silos, rooms, or bags. Mould and mycotoxin growth can continue during feed pro- duction, storage at the mill, and during transport to farms. On the farm, moulds and mycotoxins can grow in feed silos and feed troughs, threatening animal health and performance. Multiple factors including the animal species in question, amount of toxin consumed by an animal, type and number of mycotoxins in the feed, animal age and sex, and the duration of toxin exposure can influence the extent of toxicity in the animals. Such a complex challenge demands an integrated approach as even one overlooked factor can hinder mycotoxin control efforts.
Figure 1 - Toxo-XL efficacy against multiple mycotoxins in recent in vivo studies.
Although not all mycotoxins pose a risk to human health, Trouw Nutrition follows a stringent hazard analysis critical control point (HACCP) approach to manage mycotoxin risk. Some essential components of this protocol are described here.
Crop management Crop management is step one in an effective mycotoxin management strategy. Mycotoxigenic and pathogenic fungi invade plants from the soil. Suitable agroclimatic conditions will trigger mycotoxin production in plants and subsequent distribution of the mycotoxins in various plant parts, including the grains. Non-pathogenic fungi will also invade plants via wounds and damage caused by invading plant pests. Farm management practices to counter these risks include proper ploughing, soil treatment, crop rotation practices, use of fungal and pest resistant crop varieties, and application of effective fungicides and pesticides. Practices should also include biological control measures for fungal and pest management. Digital platform modules can guide the farmer with integrated weather forecasting systems and modelling approaches to predict mycotoxin occurence in raw material production.
Feed Conversion ratio (kg/kg)
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