8 ENVIRONMENTAL LABORATORY Practical Environmental Statistics and Data Analysis


By collecting, organising, analysing and interpreting statistics we gain a vital understanding of the world around us. Most environmental problems involve a large degree of uncertainty, and one way to improve understanding of the issues affecting the global environment is the use of statistics. Practical Environmental Statistics and Data Analysis describes the application of statistical methods in different environmental fields, with an emphasis on how to solve real-world problems in complex systems.


This book provides a perspective on how environmental professionals are practicing statistics in areas such as environmental forensics, ecological populations, environmental policy-making, groundwater monitoring networks and water quality monitoring. A section containing figures in full colour illustrates the topics discussed. The pitfalls of common statistical methods are also included to assist practitioners.


With chapters contributed by international experts with backgrounds in academia, industry and government agencies, this book is required reading for environmental decision-makers, planners and regulators, as well as academics and professionals in environmental science, engineering and mathematics.


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New website includes water analysis and chromatography specialist product


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MACHEREY-NAGEL have completely relaunched their website. Profit from clearly arranged information about their wide range of products. The new website is intuitive. You can find your desired product in three clicks. It’s as simple as that! MACHEREY-NAGEL customers find their personal conditions in our webshop. The user can choose from ‘chromatography’, ‘water analysis’, ‘rapid tests’, bioanalysis’, ‘filtration’ and ‘service’.


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Flexible TOC & TNb analyser for environmental and water samples


Elementar’s new TOC/TNb analyser, enviro TOC, features a robust, high-performance furnace, variable mode changing, real matrix separation with SALTTRAP, and the stable wide-range IR are implemented in one instrument together with a new autosampler and integrated chemiluminescence detection. This makes enviro TOC the ideal device for flexible and efficient TOC and TNb determination in environmental and wastewater samples.


The fully automated 60 position liquid sampler allows convenient high-throughput measurement of TOC, NPOC, TC, TIC, DOC, POC, and TNb. Samples that contain particles


can be analysed. The integrated rinsing functions avoid carryover and contamination. Rapid mode changes allow measuring soil and waste also fully automatic with the same system.


New time-of-flight mass spectrometer


Jeol builds upon its legacy from the successful AccuTOF™ GC series gas chomatograph – time-of- flight mass spectrometers with the release of the JMS-T2000GC “AccuTOF™ GC-Alpha”. This product is a GC-MS that represents significant improvement in performance and functionality using two newly developed key technologies. The basic hardware performance has been greatly improved and a new generation of automated data analysis software is included in the standard configuration.


The JMS-T2000GC “AccuTOF™ GC-Alpha”, the 6th generation of the successful AccuTOF™ GC series, features new high-performance hardware that achieves three times the mass resolving power and mass measurement accuracy of the previous “AccuTOF™ GCx-plus” by using a whole new ion optics design that achieves excellent sensitivity and high data acquisition speed, the long-time hallmarks


for the AccuTOF™ GC series. Additionally, the system has a wide dynamic range that is beneficial not only for quantitative analysis but also for qualitative analysis of complex mixtures.


Additionally, a wide variety of ionization techniques – field ionisation (FI), field desorption (FD), photoionisation (PI), and chemical ionisation (CI) – are optionally available, in addition to the standard electron ionisation (EI). Two combination ion sources are also available as options – the EI/FI/FD combination ion source and the EI/PI combination ion source which allow easy switching between ionisation techniques without breaking vacuum or replacing the ion sources.


As the latest AccuTOFTM GC series, the JMS-T2000GC also features new analysis software: msFineAnalysis. The msFineAnalysis software is a new generation of automated data analysis software that provides qualitative results by combining data acquired by EI ionisation and soft ionisation (FI, CI, or PI) in a simple, speedy and automated way.


This software makes full use of the high-quality data obtained by the JMS-T2000GC “AccuTOF™ GC-Alpha”, thus providing a new approach to qualitative analysis for identification of unknown compounds. The new two-sample comparison function provides Volcano Plots, which can visually illustrate the distinguishing components between the two samples. After determining whether there are differences, integrated analysis is performed for all components. The software also supports analysis of GC/EI data alone.


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Method for temporal monitoring of microplastic sedimentation


The effects of microplastics on our health and the environment are being rigorously studied all across the world. Researchers are identifying microplastic sources and their potential routes to the environment by examining rainwater, wastewater, and soil.


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Microplastics have been found in nearly all organisms and habitats everywhere in the world. However, factors contributing to the influx and accumulation of microplastics in water ecosystems aren’t fully understood yet. The focus of microplastics research has, for a long time, been on the age of microplastics found in sediments, and on the time it takes to accumulate there. So far, however, temporal changes in sedimentation haven’t really been considered in microplastics research.


Researchers in Finland (University of Eastern Finland, University of Turku, University of Helsinki) have tested the sediment trap method to analyse annual accumulation rates and possible seasonal variation. The sediment trap was installed on the lake bottom in the deepest part of the basin. Microplastics sink to the bottom of the basin together with other solid material, and they accumulate in sediment traps that are emptied on a regular basis. The sediment trap itself is a well-established method for sedimentological studies. The main focus in the development of the method was on the isolation of microplastic samples from sediment, and on testing the method’s feasibility in a body of water.


The researchers tested the method in the basin of Huruslahti Bay, Finland, in 2017–2018. The annual amount of microplastics accumulating in the sediment of Huruslahti Bay was 32,400 pieces per square metre in a year. The most important advantage of the method is that it can be used to determine the time it takes from microplastics to enter and accumulate in bodies of water. Time plays an important role when modelling the influx and accumulation of microplastics, as well as in predicting any environmental risks they might cause in the future.


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