GoNorth! Greenland 2010! CAAG

Module 3 • Ecology: Dynamic Oceans
BackgrActivity ound3-4
Fishy Numbers
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pletion of this
Research Question: What are characteristics of a sustainable
activity students should:
population?
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ence, art,
Background: With more than 21,000 known species, fish are -
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an abundant natural resource that has sustained humans for tens of
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thousands of years. But that may change in our lifetime. Worldwide,
Sámi languages and
the number of fish caught annually has grown exponentially in the
Odbiajleectsi v(Teesa:c her Notes
past 50 years. Today, 60 to 70 percent of the world’s fisheries are
St2u-5dae n“tSsá wmiil lD: ialects”
teetering on the brink of collapse.
- aOnbds eSrtvued tehnet vPargiet i2e-s5 ao f
In Greenland, this decline in fishing stocks is a palpable threat to the
“fiSshpienagk itnegc hSnáimqui”e)s. and
economic survival of many inhabitants who depend on fishing for
- a“sTsreasnss tlahteei”r ipmropvaectrsb.s
their livelihood. Industrial fishing boats, some of which never even
- fErxopmlo rSeá mthi ea nddyn wamritiecs t ahnedir
touch the shores of Greenland, extract tens of thousands of fish every omwanth permoavteircbs so (fS taundimenatl
day. Traditional fishermen, working more slowly in small craft and
Ppaogpeu l2a-t5iobn s.
through the ice, are finding it harder to keep up with their large-scale
- “RSeáamsoin P rsovluetribosn”s) .to the
competition.
- pWroribtele am c uolft uorvaelr fgiushidineg t.o
All fish share certain anatomical features. Although there is a wide
- tDhiesciro vscehr otohle a annda tcoumltuyr oef.
variety across species, bodies, fins, tails, and other adaptations have
fish.
evolved over thousands of generations to help fish adapt perfectly
to their various aquatic eco-zones. Likewise, the balanced aquatic Time Consideration:
food chain is well-tuned. Like any species, fish are subject to various 1–2 45-minute periods
limiting factors that keep the population in check. These factors
include the availability of appropriate habitat and food, the presence
Materials:
of disease, and so on. Predation is another limiting factor: Predator
- Teacher Notes 3-4a
fish feed on smaller species that in turn feed on specialized elements
in the environment, from bugs to rotting matter to plankton.
“Fishing in Greenland.”
- Teacher Notes 3-4b
Humans, however, are rapidly altering this natural balance. The “Longline Fishing in
mathematics of population decline is quite simple. When a species Greenland”
of fish is removed at a rate faster than reproduction can replenish
- Teacher Notes 3-4c
it, the species begins to decline. Habitat loss due to development,
“How Many Fish?! —
climate change, or pollution only adds to the pressures on fish
Instructions”
- Teacher Notes 3-4d
“Anatomy of a Fish”
Additional Resources
- Student Page 3-4a
BrainPOP movie, “Fish” – An introduction to the species and its “How Many Fish?!”
habitat. - Student Page 3-4b
http://sermitsiaq.gl/english/newsletter/weeklynewsletter/articles/
“My Fish!”
article95332.ece?lang=EN Too Many Fishermen – Article
describing a request from Greenlandic fishermen for halibut Vocabulary:
quotas in response to declining populations. population, overfishing,
http://pbskids.org/eekoworld/index.html?load=environment
limits, quotas, longline
Eek-O-World from PBS – Short animated descriptions of
fishing, population decline,
environmental habitats (including aquatic) and how pollution
sustainable, quota, anatomy
affects them.
Continued on page 22
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