Development & validation of an ELISA for quantification of soluble IFN-β receptor Research Article
IFN-β receptor (sIFNAR2), which is able to modulate the activity of both endogenous and systemically admin- istered IFN-β, remains poorly studied in multiple scle- rosis, notwithstanding the evidence that IFN-β plays an important role in the pathogenesis of the disease. The development of this validated ELISA has
shown differential levels of sIFNAR2 in untreated MS patients and healthy controls that encourage for fur- ther research to elucidate the possible role of this sol- uble receptor in the MS pathogenesis and its potential use as diagnostic biomarker. Nowadays, we have an ongoing replication study
with a bigger cohort of samples and additionally we are performing several experiments to test the antiviral and immunomodulatory effects of our recombinant protein in vitro.
Supplementary data To view the supplementary data that accompany this paper please visit the journal website at:
www.future-science.com/ doi/full/10.4155/bio.15.208
Author contributions B Oliver-Martos and L Leyva performed study concept and design. T Órpez-Zafra, JL Rodriguez-Bada, MJ Pinto-Medel, I Hurtado-Guerrero performed the experiments. Analysis and interpretation of data was done by B Oliver-Martos, L Leyva, J Pavía. Ó Fernández did clinical evaluation of the patients. Drafting of the manuscript was done by B Oliver-Martos and L Leyva. Critical revision of the manuscript was done by J Pavía Molina, Ó Fernández, E Martín Montañez.
Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank all the subjects who partici- pated in this study, and the FEDEM (Fundación Española de Esclerosis Múltiple). We also thank Alfredo Toraño and Cath-
Executive summary
• The soluble isoform of the subunit 2 of the IFN-β receptor (sIFNAR2) can bind IFN-β and modulate its activity, although its role in autoimmune diseases remains unknown.
• Human recombinant sIFNAR2 protein has been cloned, purified and expressed. This protein has been used as a standard in the development and validation of a suitable ELISA for the quantification of sIFNAR2 in human serum.
• As IFN-β plays an important role in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis and sIFNAR2 is able to modulate IFN-β activity, serum levels of sIFNAR2 were assessed in multiple sclerosis patients and healthy controls.
• Nontreated MS patients show significantly lower circulating sIFNAR2 levels than healthy controls, highlighting the importance that sIFNAR2 could have in MS pathogenesis, and encouraging further studies.
References
1 Trapp BD, Peterson J, Ransohoff RM et al. Axonal transection in the lesions of multiple sclerosis. N. Engl. J. Med. 338(5), 278–285 (1998).
2 McQualter JL, Bernard CC. Multiple sclerosis: a battle between destruction and repair. J. Neurochem. 100(2), 295–306 (2007).
3 Compston A, Coles A. Multiple sclerosis. Lancet 372(9648), 1502–1517 (2008).
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Severa M, Rizzo F, Giacomini E et al. IFN-β and multiple sclerosis: cross-talking of immune cells and integration of immunoregulatory networks. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 26(2), 229–239 (2015).
erine Mark for their generous technical assistance and the critical revision of the manuscript.
Financial & competing interests disclosure T Órpez-Zafra is supported by grants from Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa Red Española de Esclerosis Múltiple REEM (RD07/0060 and RD12/0032). This work was supported by grants from Consejería de Igualdad, Salud y Políticas socia- les (Junta de Andalucía) to B Oliver-Martos (PI-0267-2013) and by grant of the Instituto de Salud Carlos III co-founded by Fon- do Europeo de Desarrollo Regional – FEDER to O Fernández (PI13/00927). Ó Fernández received honoraria as consultant to advisory boards, and as chairman or lecturer in meetings, and has participated in clinical trials and other research proj- ects promoted by Almirall, Actelion, Allergan Bayer-Schering, Biogen-Idec, Novartis, Merck-Serono, Roche and Teva. The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involve- ment with any organization or entity with a financial inter- est in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed. No writing assistance was utilized in the production of this
manuscript.
Ethical conduct of research The authors state that they have obtained appropriate institu- tional review board approval or have followed the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki for all human or animal experimental investigations. In addition, for investigations in- volving human subjects, informed consent has been obtained from the participants involved.
Open access This work is licensed under the Attribution-NonCommercial- NoDerivatives 4.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, nd/4.0/
visit
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-
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