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REPLACEMENT AND SPARE PARTS
THE ENGINE SPECIALISTS HANCOX
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Black Layer
this can only be achieved in a well aerated growing medium.
Aerobic bacteria out compete pathogenic bacteria, which will result in less disease pressure.
Turfgrass stress can be reduced by ensuring there is enough air in the soil. Golfers don’t like aerification and greenkeepers are often under pressure to reduce and sometimes skip aerification.
In these cases, where extreme pressure is on the course manager due to tournaments, visiting parties, as well as the club’s own competitions, then chemical (Oxy-RushTM
is the only option open at this time.
On the surface, greens appear to be fine, however when there is not enough air in the soil, roots do not grow and grass without roots will not provide a good playing surface for long.
If we add into the mix extreme weather conditions, this makes the job of the greenkeeper a huge challenge.
The photograph above illustrates how we can see the hollow core holes, with vertical strips through the soil profile with no black layer. When there is enough air in the soil, approximately 25% air by volume is a good starting point, the roots can grow.
As groundwater moves through soils containing minerals of sulphate, some of these minerals dissolve in the water.
A unique group of bacteria called ‘sulphur bacteria’ can change sulphate and other sulphur containing compounds. These include natural organic materials and change to hydrogen sulphide gas (H2S) creating the condition known as black layer (rotten eggs).
Oxygen diffuses more slowly into wet, dense soil. This slow rate of diffusion will drop oxygen levels several percent in just a few hours.
When oxygen soil volume is reduced below 10-12%, plants cease to function anywhere near their optimum. Reduced oxygen also modifies the decay process of organic matter and thatch, as well as the oxidation process of soils. As soil oxygen
concentrations become limited, anaerobic microbes take over. This shift in microbial populations from primarily aerobic to anaerobic organisms introduces a new set of soil
Soil profile after the use of Oxy-RushTM
growing season through the
reactions. Some of the new soil reactions are an increase of partially oxidized organic acids, alcohols, ethylene gas and inorganic compounds. These compounds build and become toxic to plants.
Iron and sulphur or manganese and sulphur can precipitate, which contributes to plugging of soil pores and can lead to the formation of black layer. With an increase in pathogenic bacteria, nitrogen conversion is slowed and tends to accumulate in the rootzone increasing disease pressure.
) aeration
Any fertiliser applied to anaerobic soils will not be effectively broken down and used. They will either leach out, potentially into water courses, wasting valuable budget or, worse still, build up in the organic matter, which can cause a host of problems if not correctly managed.
It is also important to remember there are billions and billions of bacteria already in the soil; it is not necessary to add bacteria, we just need to ensure these bacteria have enough oxygen and food (carbon) required to create strong sports turf.
So how can we tackle these issues as turf professionals?
- Chemical Aeration which covers the entire playing surface, e.g. Oxy-RushTM
- Physical aeration, tining at various depths
- New machinery to support physical aeration, e.g. The Air 2G2 Machine and the VGR TopChanger
Oxygen is the backbone of healthy soil.
Oxy-RushTM is available through the Pitchcare online shop
barenbrug.co.uk 01359 272000
SOIL ANALYSIS
DIRECT SALES SERVICE - order today and receive your goods within 24 hrs
Tel: 0844 800 6493 Email:
sales@hancox.co.uk
View parts or replacement engines online at
WWW.HANCOX.CO.UK
email:
info@agripower.co.uk www.agripower.co.uk
Tel: 01494 866776
SPORTS SURFACE CONTRACTORS
SHOP ONLINE FOR REPLACEMENT
BLADES, BRUSHES & QUALITY ACCESSORIES
FREE CARRIAGE ON ORDERS OVER £100FREE CARRIAGE ON ORDERS OVER £100
TINES SEED SUPPLIERS
Vertidraining, Hollow Coring, Overseeding, Draining, Gravel Banding, Field Top Maker, Deep Scarifying
OUTSTANDING GRASS MANY POSSIBILITIES.
Mobile: 07860 259692
Tel: 01284 735105 Email:
peter@buryturfcare.com www.buryturfcare.com
SPORTS TURF D CRANE
Construction Golf Courses, Natural/
Artificial Pitches, MUGAs
A2LA Accredited & USGA Approved physical soil testing laboratory for the analysis of construction materials for the sportsturf industry
Contact ETL on 01786 449195 email:
europeanturf@aol.com www.etl-ltd.com
Renovation Koro Field Top Maker, Fibre Sand Installation, Laser Grading, Seeding
Drainage
Piped Drainage, Sandmaster, Whiz Wheel, Gravel Banding
Tel:01254 878047
Email:
info@dcranesportsturf.com Website:
www.dcranesportsturf.com
www.pitchcare.com DECEMBER/JANUARY 2014 PC 145
RANGE
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