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to protect their hearing based on their envi- ronment and the type of work they do. Un- like children, whose hearing diffi culties are often connected to a speech delay, adults experience a physical, or sensory-neural, change in their hearing with the end organ of hearing itself—the tiny hairs on the out- side of the ear—rather than the eardrum, canal, or earspace. “Often the adult stops hearing the higher frequency sounds. When we don’t hear something well, we ask the other person to repeat themselves or we turn up the volume. Others often notice the problem before we do,” Widdowson says. Most adults don’t relish the idea of a hear- ing aid, but there have been tremendous improvements in the audiology fi eld. Many of these devices fi t right inside the ear canal and are practically invisible to others. And the device can be custom-fi t to each wearer, so there’s little danger of an improper fi t or having the device fall out. “There has to be appropriate amplifi cation for hearing aid use,” says Widdowson. “It’s not just as simple as buying the hardware, but fi nding the right person who knows how to pro- gram the device to your level of hearing loss. Devices today are very sophisticated.”


The typical workplace is also chockfull of noisy distractions that can take a toll on the average adult’s hearing. Large machines in manufacturing facilities, heavy equip- ment on construction sites, and even offi ce equipment like copiers and telephones can have damaging effects.


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So how loud is too loud? Widdowson notes, “As a general rule of thumb, if it’s too loud for you to carry on a conversation with an- other person at a normal level at a normal distance, you should think about wearing hearing protection.” Workplaces need to follow the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) noise guidelines that state how loud something, i.e. a ma- chine can be, and how long a person can be exposed to noise at that level. Most manu- facturing facilities require their employees to wear foam earplugs on the shop fl oor; depending on a person’s job, different pro- tection for different applications may be


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