| RHInOplasTy | aRTiCLE
for the arabic noSe: Simple endonaSal techniqueS
SeptorhinoplaSty
Mamdouh Salah A Mottaleb and Baher Badreldin Ashour discuss the treatment protocols to consider when treating patients of different ethnic origins, and particularly those from the Middle East
ABSTRACT People from the Middle East, or of Middle Eastern origin, are increasingly seeking cosmetic nasal surgery as traditional society gradually becomes more exposed to the prevalence of cosmetic surgery as a result of globalisation. This is especially evident in the many communities of the Gulf, for whom financial issues are less of a concern. The Gulf States have also seen a rapid influx of migrants over the last 30 years, resulting in a more racially and ethnically diverse population. The idea of ethnic rhinoplasty is certainly gaining popularity. This entails re-sculpturing the nose to make it more acceptable within the patient’s own ethnicity, and not to overcorrect or convert its characteristics to that of another ethnicity. It is important to distinguish between the anatomy of the Arabic nose and the standard European configuration to attain consistent, ethnically congruent, and aesthetically pleasing results1
. The long,
slightly humped Arabic nose with an acute nasolabial angle and a ptotic tip2
is a good example of where ethnic rhinoplasty techniques
are of value. If any of these features are exaggerated, they can become a cause of both psychological and emotional disturbance. This is especially seen in females with an excessively long nose. This article will review some simple endonasal techniques for correction of these perceived abnormalities for the best cosmetic, as well as functional results.
the ‘white’ race. The German scientist and anthropologist, Johann
T
Friedrich Blumenbach, first proposed the concept of a Caucasian race. He wrote in De generis humani varietate nativa (1795):
‘I have taken the name of this variety from Mount
Caucasus, both because its neighborhood, and especially its southern slope, produces the most beautiful race of men,
hE TERM ‘CauCasian’ is a way of defining people of European origin. strictly speaking, the term can extend to groups from north africa, the Middle East and areas of south and Central asia. in essence, Caucasians are known as
I mean the Georgian; and because all physiological reasons converge to this, that in that region, if anywhere, it seems we ought with the greatest probability to place the autochthones (birth place) of mankind.’
On the other hand, DaVinci was one of the first
anatomists to define the nasal proportions. He divided the face into three equal horizontal sections, the nose occupying the middle third. It must be noted, however, that this was a Western Renaissance view of beauty and over the ages — and within different cultures — this has not been a static perception.
Issues of ethnicity These days it is established that race and ethnicity have no scientific or anthropologic validity3
therefore, to reconsider the use of anthropometric measurements in nasal plastic surgery3
. Regardless of their origin or descent, the different types
of nose that the surgeon may come across will always be unique to the person, and can only really be defined by their characteristics. When discussing beauty, it is of utmost importance to take into consideration the many ethnic differences in the shape of the face and nose. Whether a less pronounced anomaly is to be considered an abnormality or a variation may be more difficult to decide. This is often a matter of taste. It is paramount to keep in mind that a number of the variations described are, to a certain extent, race‑dependent and therefore have to be considered as normal ethnic variations of the human nose. The Middle Eastern face and nose are very different
from that of the Caucasian face and nose. The rhinoplasty surgeon should be aware of this and should attempt to
MAMDOUH SALAH A MOTTALEB is Head of Plastic Surgery Unit, Mataria Teaching Hospital, Egypt, and Plastic Surgery Consultant, Elaj Medical Centre, UAE; and BAHER BADRELDIN ASHOUR is Lecturer, ENT Dept. Cairo University, ENT Consultant, Elaj Medical Centre, UAE
email: drmamdouhsalah@
elajgroup.ae; drbaherashour@
elajgroup.ae
KEYWORDS rhinoplasty, endonasal, Middle East
prime-journal.com | October 2011
. It is necessary,
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