• first evidence of the benefits of feeding cereals and oilseed together • first evidence of pressing a combination of cereals and oilseed together
• first evidence of the concept of a nutritionally balanced ration • first time that bullocks grew so fast, that profitability was self- evident
Initially there was huge resistance and even outspoken vitriol to his
idea of feeding livestock on cereal-diluted oilseeds or cake, because it was well-known that nitrogenous foods like linseed cake were flesh- formers, the more the better, and what sensible farmer would feed perfectly good grain to his livestock? His feeding regimen was ridiculed by both farmers and by the learned establishment. In 1847 experiments at Rothamsted (founded 1843) commenced to
investigate how to feed livestock: the common practice then was to feed young animals ad libitum on linseed cake, peas and beans to ensure the animals got off to a good start. Older livestock were commonly fed with rapeseed cake, linseed cake, cottonseed cake, Indian corn (maize), beans, oats and barley, but in a haphazard way depending on what was available or thought to give the best result. In six years of practical on-farm experimentation (1840-1846), John Warnes, pioneering farmer had: • identified that oilseeds must be diluted with cereals prior to feeding livestock
• achieved relatively sensible 2 home-mix formulations • achieved huge progress in liveweight gain, milk yield and
carcase quality
• effectively kick-started the home-mix movement • fuelled the demand for whole linseed Although Warnes’ advice at the time was aimed at the landlords
and tenants of agricultural Great Britain and Ireland, he was undeniably the catalyst that later brought together the Provender and Compound milling industries, and so laid the foundations for the modern animal feed industry. By 1849 Warnes’ formulations using both whole oilseeds and
oilcake were routine for hundreds of progressive and well-to-do farmers from Scotland to Cornwall; however, the smaller tenant farmers did not have the finances nor economies of scale to buy new equipment and purchase non-farm ingredients. So by the early 1850s, there were three ways to feed livestock:
a. the traditional bought-in oilseed cake method b. Warnes’ whole oilseed system for progressive home-mixers c. a hybrid system using oilseed cake and cereals Thus the demand gap for a ready-made compound was filled
by a select few corn merchants who were not slow to show initiative by providing their smaller farmer-customers with an off-the-shelf feed solution, so the very first feed compounders were … (to be continued!)
E&OE Next issue: the first feed compounders 1850-1860 2. Compared with feeding an excess of oilcake.
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rom the intake of raw materials, through processing, and on to the outloading of finished products our 25 yes’ practical experience is available to you.
From the intake of raw materials, through processing, and on to the outloading of finished products our 44 years’ practical experience is available to you
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PAGE 28 MARCH/APRIL 2020 FEED COMPOUNDER
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