3. Determining concentration using HCI titration In this case the alkaline emulsion/solution is titrated with a mainly 0.1 N or 0.5 N salt acid solution until the colour changes and/or best acid value is reached. The consumption in ml, multiplied by the specific factor produces the coolant concentration. This method is usually carried out in a laboratory. However, appropriate test kits are also available.
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Obviously, the more accurate the acid titration, the better the pH value buffering (amine-based) of the coolant emulsion. The method is strongly dependent on the pH value. External influences or additions (insertion of acid substances, high level of microbial pollution, additions to biocides, alkalising agents, etc.) may therefore produce incorrect results.
This method should therefore be used only for amine- based coolant emulsions.
4. Determination of concentration via elemental composition
This process can only be carried out in the laboratory. The basis of this process are specific lead substances in the coolant that are determined using an instrumental measurement analysis (e.g. AAS, AES-ICP). Therefore, boron is suitable as a lead element for boric acid-based coolants. Potassium is mainly taken for amine-free coolant, although the influence due to potassium-based impurities is greater than in the case of boron.
On the other hand, boric acid-based products also tend to precipitate borates.
Conclusion:
For coolant solutions, determination using hand refrac- tometers is suited as the best method. This method is also essentially suitable for coolant emulsions.
In the case of coolant emulsions that have been in use for quite some time and produce a diffuse refractometer image, another method may be helpful in addition to refraction determination.
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LUBE MAGAZINE No .103 JUNE 2011
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