Lube-Tech
Additives from natural resources other than VO: Different natural substances other than vegetable oils like microalgae oil, lignin, curcumin, chitosan, cellulose are used as natural additive for lubricants. The red microalga Dixoniella grisea have potentiality to reduce friction in tribosystem. Palmitoylated lignin and curcumin were used as antioxidant additive in VO/ waste cooking oils.
The lignin fractions obtained from straw, birch wood after palmitoytation exhibited excellent antioxidant performance compared to butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), when blended with castor oil. Azomethinefunctionalised chitosan showed efficient tribological performance when added to paraffin base oil.
Amidation of biophenols with 4-aminodiphenylamine produce highly efficient multifunctional additives for bio-base fluids like rapeseed oil, coconut oil and epoxy soybean oil. They increase thermo-oxidative stability, reduce friction and wear regardless of the saturation degree of VOs. Four-ball test demonstrated that the additives decreased the wear and friction up to 18% and 25% in rapeseed oil and coconut oil respectively.
Conclusion
The above discussion gives a brief account of various vegetable oil-based additives in lubricant formulations. Although the use of chemically modified plant oils as the base stock in lubricant formulation is not new, the use of biobased additives has recently attracted considerable attention as a green approach to produce the same and avoid several environmental hazards of petroleum-based additives.
The biobased materials often offer better performance such as higher viscosity index, better wear performance, and higher flash point compared to commercial petro-originated additives.
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PUBLISHED BY LUBE: THE EUROPEAN LUBRICANTS INDUSTRY MAGAZINE
No.143 page 7
Developed countries have already started to use biolubricants commercially. The global biolubricant market is gaining momentum very rapidly. Research is still ongoing to develop new, greener and more economical methodologies for manufacturing biolubricants (base oil and additive) from vegetable oils.
** Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer.
Garlapati, V. K., Mohapatra, S. B., Mohanty, R. C., Das, P. Transesterified Olax scandens oil as a bio-additive: Production and engine performance studies. Tribol. Int. 153, 106653, 2021. doi:10.1016/
j.triboint.2020.106653.
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Gusain, R., Khan, A., Khatri, O. P. Fatty acid-derived ionic liquids as renewable lubricant additives: Effect of chain length and unsaturation. J. Mol. Liq. 2020, 301, 112322.
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Nalam, P. C.; Pham, A.; Castillo, R. V.; Espinosa-Marzal, R.M. Adsorption Behavior and Nanotribology of Amine-Based Friction Modifiers on Steel Surfaces. J. Phys. Chem. C, 2019, 123 (22), 13672-13680.
www.ars.usda.gov www.nbu.ac.in/dept/chemistry.aspx
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