NEW STOVE EMISSIONS REGULATION SETS A MINIMUM STANDARD


From 1st January 2022, a new regulation will impose Ecodesign requirements for solid fuel local space heaters. Regulation (EU) 2015/1185 24/5/2015 describes the requirements which will harmonise energy consumption, particulate matter (PM), organic gaseous compounds (OGC), carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen oxides (NOx


) emission requirements for solid fuel local space heaters manufactured in the European Union. The regulation is also being applied in the United Kingdom.


Stephane Canadas from gas monitoring instrumentation manufacturer Signal Group, welcomes the new regulations, adding: “The latest stoves employ advanced technology that is able to dramatically lower emissions, so a new regulatory framework will help to highlight the benefi ts of more environmentally friendly products.


“It is also pleasing to note that standard reference methods are specifi ed for the testing of stoves, and we have been supplying test houses with analysers so that they can check existing burners as well as the latest products, both during and after development.”


Conscious of the growing public demand for improved air quality and energy effi ciency, leading manufacturers have been developing stoves that meet the new requirements, and in some countries testing and approval regimes are in place so that customers can choose products that comply with the new requirements.


Under the Regulation, new solid fuel local space heaters will have to be type-tested to measure the environmental performance of the devices, and all measurements of the combustion products are to be undertaken while the product is providing its nominal output and if appropriate at part load.


Organic gaseous compounds from solid fuel local space heaters shall not exceed 120 mgC/m3


solid fuel other than compressed wood pellets; and 60 mgC/m3 at 13 % oxygen for heaters using at


13 % oxygen for heaters using compressed wood pellets. Under Annexe III of the Regulation, OGC measurement, as measured in the combustion products of the appliance, shall be extractive and continuous and based on the use of a fl ame ionisation detector.


Carbon monoxide (CO) from solid fuel local space heaters shall not exceed 2,000 mg/m3


at 13% oxygen for open fronted solid fuel local space heaters; 1,500 mg/m3 at 13% oxygen for


closed fronted heaters using solid fuel other than compressed wood pellets, and 300 mg/m3


at 13% oxygen for closed fronted


heaters using compressed wood pellets. Under Annexe III of the Regulation, CO measurement shall be extractive and continuous and based on the use of an infrared detector.


Nitrogen oxides (NOx exceed 200 mg/m3


) from solid fuel local space heaters shall not expressed as NO2


at 13% oxygen for open


fronted solid fuel local space heaters, closed fronted solid fuel local space heaters and cookers using biomass; and 300 mg/m3


expressed as NO2 at 13% oxygen for open fronted solid fuel local


space heaters, closed fronted solid fuel local space heaters and cookers using fossil solid fuel. Emissions of nitrogen oxides shall be measured as the sum of nitrogen monoxide and nitrogen dioxide, and expressed in nitrogen dioxide. Under Annexe III of the Regulation, NOx


measurement of the combustion products


shall be extractive and continuous and be based on chemiluminescent detection.


Particulate matter (PM) emissions from open fronted solid fuel local space heaters shall not exceed 50 mg/m3


at 13% oxygen


when measured by sampling a partial dry fl ue gas sample over a heated fi lter; or 6 g/kg (dry matter) when measured by sampling over the full burn cycle, a partial fl ue gas sample, using natural draft, from a diluted fl ue gas using a full fl ow dilution tunnel and a fi lter at ambient temperature.


PM emissions by closed fronted solid fuel local space heaters using solid fuel other than compressed wood pellets and cookers shall not exceed 40 mg/m3


at 13% oxygen when measured by


sampling a partial dry fl ue gas sample over a heated fi lter; or 5 g/ kg (dry matter) when measured by sampling over the full burn cycle, a partial fl ue gas sample, using natural draft, from a diluted fl ue gas using a full fl ow dilution tunnel and a fi lter at ambient temperature; or 2.4 g/kg (dry matter) for biomass or 5.0 g/kg (dry matter) for solid fossil fuel when measured by sampling, over a 30-minute period, a partial fl ue gas sample, using a fi xed fl ue draft at 12 Pa, from a diluted fl ue gas using a full fl ow dilution tunnel and a fi lter at ambient temperature or an electrostatic precipitator.


PM emissions by closed fronted solid fuel local space heaters using compressed wood pellets shall not exceed 20 mg/m3


at 13%


oxygen when by sampling a partial dry fl ue gas sample over a heated fi lter; or 2.5 g/kg (dry matter) when measured by sampling over the full burn cycle, a partial fl ue gas sample, using natural draft, from a diluted fl ue gas using a full fl ow dilution tunnel and a fi lter at ambient temperature; or 1.2 g/kg (dry matter) when measured by sampling, over a 30-minute period, a partial fl ue gas sample, using a fi xed fl ue draft at 12 Pa, from a diluted fl ue gas using a full fl ow dilution tunnel and a fi lter at ambient temperature or an electrostatic precipitator.


The members of the Stove Industry Alliance (SIA), which is based in the UK, have been producing appliances that comply with the requirements of Ecodesign since 2017 when the organisation launched its SIA Ecodesign Ready certifi cation label. Last year


IET JANUARY / FEBRUARY 2022


a brand new and independent appliance certifi cation scheme, ‘clearSkies’, was launched. All appliances within clearSkies are certifi ed as meeting the requirements of Ecodesign. clearSkies Level 3 also confi rms that the appliance is Defra exempt for use in a Smoke Control Area. This new scheme also features certifi cation levels (clearSkies Levels 4 & 5) that show where an appliance goes beyond the requirements Ecodesign by producing even lower emissions and having further improved effi ciency.


The latest certifi ed wood burning stoves are more sustainable than many other forms of heating because the fuel can be sourced locally, and by burning wood, users can reduce the need for fossil fuels.


SIA Chair, Andy Hill says: “The Ecodesign regulations for solid fuel appliances mean that manufacturers have to meet tough new targets for effi ciency, PMs, CO, NOx


and OGC emissions.


Signifi cant investment in product development has been made over the last fi ve years that has vastly improved combustion


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