Water/Wastewater
monitoring methods involving manual collection of water samples, which can be laborious and expensive. Additionally, spot sampling runs a risk of missing events that have effects on water turbidity and SPM concentrations, and therefore is often considered not to be fully representative of SPM dynamics in those environments.
Summary
Suspended particulate matter is an important pollutant in its own right as well as a carrier of many other contaminants that affect physical and chemical properties of water resources, and the aquatic biota found there. In the last few decades, some countries and their governing bodies have recognised that water quality guidelines should identify satisfactory concentrations of SPM in order to protect water resources from the negative impacts of this potential pollutant. In the majority of those countries, the SPM concentration targets are presented as a blanket value which does not recognise that SPM can vary between different environments in accordance to climatic, topographic and geological features. Additionally, there is a somewhat limited knowledge of what those SPM concentration targets should be in order to fully protect native aquatic flora and fauna. This ambitious and large-scale project funded by Aquaread Ltd aims to address those gaps in knowledge with the help of high-resolution monitoring data collected from Aquaread’s multiparameter water quality sensors
from ten reference condition sites around the UK.
Magdalena Grove, a researcher from the Aquatic Research Centre at the University of Brighton carrying out the fieldwork and monitoring work, says “The monitoring equipment has proved to be very reliable and is performing well. The equipment has given us an insight into the turbidity variations in those aquatic environments that are in reference conditions. The results will help us to improve the current guidelines, or develop new ones for SPM, that acknowledge inherent variations in contrasting environments”.
Further research work will include the development of different approaches to defining acceptable in-stream SPM conditions such as concentration- frequency curves, which would recognise that other factors (e.g. duration of exposure) have impacts on the aquatic ecology and not just the average SPM concentration. In addition, the researchers involved in this project
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are planning to develop unique algorithms capable of converting the turbidity readings to an estimated SPM concentration, based on the physical characteristics of the SPM at the site being monitored.
New Coriolis Mass Flow Transmitter
Industry-optimised sensors let users customise the Promass 100 for food, beverage, life sciences, pharmaceutical, chemical and other industries. Endress+Hauser (USA) introduces the Proline Promass 100 transmitter. The Promass 100 transmitter can be combined with industry-specific sensors, materials and finishes so it can be used in food, beverage, life sciences, pharmaceutical, chemical and other industries.
The Promass 100 measures mass flow, volume flow, density, viscosity, concentration, and temperature with accuracy up to ±0.05%, and with immunity from process and environmental influences. All measurements are fully traceable as the flowmeter is certified on calibration rigs accredited to ISO/IEC 17025.
Seamless system integration is possible via EtherNet/IP and Modbus RS-485 digital communication (future 4- 20mA with HART and
PROFIBUS DP). Wiring is via an M12 plug, allowing easy and quick connections.
The flowmeter is approved for operation in Zone 2 and Class 1, Division 2 hazardous areas; and with the intrinsically safe Modbus output, it is approved for Zone 1 and Class 1, Division 1.
The wide range of industry-optimised sensors ensure accurate measurement and compliance with guidelines and regulations in different industries. The Promass 100 can be combined with a wide variety of Endress+Hauser’s sensors, and industry preferred fitting options, finishes and certificates are available.
The Promass S 100 for the food and beverage industries conforms to all 3-A, EHEDG and FDA requirements. It provides a gentle, non-invasive measurement of the product without causing shear force. It also is drainable and withstands CIP/SIP cycles with immediate return to normal operation, including high pressure or steam jet cleaning.
Other models include the Promass I 100, which offers an in-line viscosity measurement option, complies with 3-A requirements and is piggable, the Promass F 100 with ultimate measurement performance and secondary containment for use in pressures up to 580 psi and compliance with EHEDH and 3-A requirements, and the economical Promass E 100 used in legacy volumetric meter replacement applications.
Clear categorisation of errors according to NE107 enables targeted reaction to any flowmeter or process errors. The entire instrument is constructed in a modular fashion, reducing downtime as service usually consists of just replacing the faulty module as directed by the diagnostic instructions.
The Endress+Hauser HistoROM data handling system reduces downtime significantly, as calibration data and transmitter parameters are stored and can be automatically reloaded after a maintenance or repair event. The HistoROM data handling system also provides local data logger and event logbook functionality.
The display-less Promass 100 can be commissioned either from the control room via a digital fieldbus communications link, or locally via any web browser as the instrument includes an embedded web server.
The web server allows a user with the correct password to connect to the flowmeter via any web browser without any additional tools, software or communication boxes. All that is required is a LAN network cable, and a laptop with a RJ45 network plug. Web server functionality includes full parameter access, upload and download of parameter settings, troubleshooting and diagnostics.
Reader Reply Card No. 203 Reader Reply Card No.
www.envirotech-online.com 204 IET September / October 2012
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