Measurement and Testing


But accuracy isn’t the only thing that’s hugely important, service life is a key factor too. All in all, the measurement conditions are tricky. There are high concentrations of CO2, large fl uctuations in temperature and intense humidity.


Programmable interface


“It’s fantastic that 33X series pressure transmitters have an RS485 modbus output directly on the sensor. This is perfect for us because it prevents loss of accuracy while retaining fl exibility. Originally, we had three KELLER sensors installed and were able to add a fourth using the RS485 module without additional modifi cations. This is a big advantage as we want our setup to have fl exibility,” said Luuk, summing up the progress achieved by using KELLER.


Major contribution to hitting climate targets


CO2 storage is very important as climate targets cannot be hit with net-zero emissions alone. Atmospheric CO2 is already at


Martijn Smit Commercial Director KELLER Netherlands


Accurate sensors are invaluable for reliable test results, © Bart van Overbeeke Fotografi e


The test setup worked with bottled air in the gram range. This was necessary to guarantee stable testing conditions. Now a real machine and ambient air are being worked with, the project team has combined all technologies into a single machine for the fi rst time and everything can be measured. This requires lots of sensors. At the end of the day, it’s still a research facility. “When you’re doing research, you don’t know what you will fi nd out from the tests. That’s why you want the tests to be as accurate as possible,” explained Luuk van Voorst for context.


Precise sensors for maximum accuracy


Carbyon uses a range of sensors from KELLER’s 33X series. Two absolute pressure sensors that measure up to 1 bar plus one relative and one differential pressure sensor. These measure the drop in pressure above the sorbent and dust fi lter and create a sorbent cycle in this manner. There is also one sensor in front of the vacuum pump and an absolute pressure sensor in the reactor.


Luuk van Voorst helped to develop the specifi cations and deliberately chose high-precision pressure transmitters in order to keep measurement errors to a minimum. After all, measurement errors add up, so every measurement needs to be as precise as possible.


«Due to its selection of pressure transducers and digital compensation electronics, the 33X series is specified to meet the highest levels of precision of up to 0,05 %FS over the entire temperature range. Accredited calibration laboratories corroborate an accuracy of up to ±0,01 %FS at room temperature for KELLER pressure transmitters in line with the guidelines of the German Calibration Service (DKD).»


47


Carbyon’s third test device, © Bart van Overbeeke Fotografi e


420 parts per million. In order to remove this CO2 from the air, it is fed through fi lters that trap CO2 particles. Once the fi lters are full, they are heated up, which releases the CO2 in order to capture it again, to be recycled or disposed of. Disposal alone cannot reverse climate change; however, strategic recycling for the production of synthetic paraffi n offers real prospects for a new, economically self-sustaining fuel cycle.


End goal: renewable fuel


Since 2023, Carbyon has been in its test phase and will keep developing its machines until its end goal is achieved. Two test machines are ready for operation and a third is currently being built. In 2024, the main goal is to analyse information derived from the machines’ output. What exactly does the captured CO2 contain and what can be done with it? Answering this key question will open the door to a world of new possibilities.


With the processes that have been developed up to now, heating the CO2 fi lters requires so much energy that recycling remains off the table; instead, only disposal is fi nancially viable. Carbyon’s new method reduces energy consumption considerably while producing a yield that is up to ten times higher. Carbyon’s fi nal goal is a price of USD 50 per tonne of CO2. At this price point, the fi ltered CO2 would become of interest for the production of renewable fuels. If this level is reached, almost nothing would be in the way of the dream of a climate-friendly future.


Author Contact Details Janet Kooren • KELLER Druckmesstechnik AG • Address: St. Gallerstrasse 119 • Tel: +41 52 235 25 25 • Email: info@keller-pressure.com • Web: keller-pressure.com


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