32 Analytical Instrumentation
Automated System Evaluates Scale Inhibitors Under High-Pressure and Temperature Conditions
The Model 5400 Dynamic Scale Deposition Loop from Chandler Engineering (USA) is a fully automated system that measures and evaluates the performance of scale inhibitors under the high-pressure and high-temperature conditions found in oil production.
The system pumps precisely heated oil samples at known rates through a tubing test section, while continuously measuring the differential. An increase in differential pressure serves as an indication of scale formation, and the test is completed once that differential pressure reaches an adjustable threshold value.
The system features a highly precise, forced air convection oven, removable sample and pre-heat tube assembly, external pH electrode with sample, and Hastealloy C276 sample tubing and fittings inside the oven. Its hardware includes two manual set-point back pressure regulators (high or low range) that are used to create the sample pressure inside the test section during pumping. Two high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) pumps are used to transport the fluids through the tubing, both with switching valves (6-port) for various anion, cation, scale inhibitor or cleaning fluids.
The system’s proprietary software is designed for ease of use and is powerful enough to collect and calculate all of the acquired data over the completed test cycle. The software allows operators to control the overflow rate, test time, fluid selection and temperature of each individual test. All data and test parameters are stored in a test-specific .CSV file for analysis.
Chandler Engineering is a leader in oil well cementing, viscosity, reservoir analysis and high-pressure high-temperature instruments. It focuses on serving the upstream oil and gas markets in exploration and production. Its products are used for oil well cementing, viscosity measurement, reservoir analysis and other applications such as pipeline transmission. Chandler Engineering is part of the AMETEK Oil & Gas Business Unit.
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27457pr@reply-direct.com From Finest Powders to Rocks
Retsch’s (Germany) line of sieve shakers is the most comprehensive offering with regards to sieving motions, measuring ranges and sieve diameters, thus covering virtually any bulk material – from agglomerating powders to solid rocks.
Lately, two new models have been added to the range: The new Air Jet Sieve AS 200 jet is particularly suitable for sieve cuts of powdered materials which require efficient dispersion and desagglomeration. The option to store up to 10 SOP and the automatic vacuum regulator (accessory) guarantee reproducible and meaningful results.
Innovative features such as the Open Mesh function, the selection of the nozzle speed as well as optional use of standard 2" high test sieves perfects the new air jet technology.
With the sieve shaker AS 450 control Retsch have designed their first siever for 400 mm and 450 mm sieves which operates with a three-dimensional sieving motion. It can be used for dry and wet sieving. The optimised electromagnetic drive with Retsch’s CET Technology allows for amplitudes up to 2.2 mm even with maximum loads
up to 25 kg. This makes the AS 450 superior to all other known sieve shakers based on conventional electromagnetic or imbalance drives. Retsch’s sieving line is completed by high-quality test sieves and the evaluation software EasySieve.
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Oil Condition Monitoring by IR Spectroscopy
Lubrication is vital for machinery operation. Early detection of lube oil degradation and engine wear is essential for timely replacement. It helps to avoid unnecessary maintenance while reducing the risk of breakdowns.
ERASPEC OIL from Eralytics (Austria) uses the economic and fast infrared (IR) analysis test method to deliver specific chemical information of the lubricating oil. This ranges from soot and water contamination to oil degradation measured by sulfation, nitration and oxidation indicators. The total acid and total base number (TAN, TBN) are calculated from the spectrum and the depletion of anti- wear additives is monitored. This large amount of information is gained from a single IR spectrum within one minute only. Because of the high reliability of the results this IR analysis is used by laboratories around the world as a routine method.
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High Efficient Analysis of Refinery Gas and Low Sulphur
Global Analyser Solutions (Netherlands) has introduced a cost effective solution by integrating the analysis of Refinery Gas and Low Sulphur in one instrument. The analyser
has separate channels for the analysis of: H2 and He; Permanent gases; Hydrocarbons; ppb
level Sulphur components like H2S, COS, SO2, CS2 and mercaptanes.
Channel 1, 2 and 3 use double TCD and FID, while the fourth channel is configured with a high sensitive and selective flame photometric detector.
Other methods like analysis of oxygenates or aromatic components can be combined with RGA as well. A single instrument solution which combines ASTM methods D4815, D5580 and D3606 is also available. Investments are reduced and bench space is saved in this way.
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