TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 2, 2010


KLMNO


EZ RE THE FED PAGE


Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee National Republican Congressional Committee Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee American Crossroads U.S. Chamber of Commerce


National Republican Senatorial Committee American Action Network


American Federation of State County and Municipal Employees


Service Employees International Union American Future Fund Americans for Job Security


Club for Growth


National Education Association National Association of Realtors 60 Plus Association National Rifle Association America's Families First Action Fund League of Conservation Voters


American Crossroads


American Crossroads and its sister organization, Crossroads Grassroots Policy Strategies, were founded with the support of former George W. Bush administration political adviser Karl Rove. Te group concentrated its efforts in a handful of Senate races.


100% REPUBLICAN


$63,244,600 $44,525,486 $39,412,938 $38,114,259 $31,774,779 $25,830,910 $15,456,618 $11,688,922 $9,478,942 $9,247,920 $8,561,307 $7,327,956 $7,204,830 $7,125,551 $7,060,297 $6,718,209 $5,878,743 $5,259,965


Te biggest spenders of the 2010 midterms


Spending by interest groups on the election is up dramatically from previous years, buoyed by a string of Supreme Court decisions and enthusiasm among conservative donors frustrated with Democratic policies. Tese maps show the spending disclosed by several of the top spenders on the right and leſt (party spending in bold). Te overall budgets for the groups can be much higher because much of their spending is not revealed in public filings to the Federal Election Commission.


6 For more midterm spending, go to wapo.st/midtermcash. U.S. Chamber of Commerce


Te nation’s largest business lobby has had a growing role in political campaigns in recent years as the Supreme Court struck down parts of the campaign finance laws that effectively banned the Chamber from spending in the 60 days before the general election. Te Chamber is bipartisan, but it spent 93 percent of its money aiding Republicans.


93% REPUBLICAN Republican


$6,000,000 $1,500,000 $1,000


7% DEMOCRATIC Democratic


A17


American Action Network


Ten-Sen. Norm Coleman (R-Minn.) founded the American Action Network in 2009 to promote center-right candidates. Te group is less ideologically conservative than other groups founded this year, many of which promoted tea party candidates. Te group doesn’t disclose its donors.


100% REPUBLICAN


American Fed. of State, County & Municipal Employees With 1.6 million members largely in the public sector, the American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees has a larger stake in politics than most unions. Te union concentrated its spending helping lawmakers who have been champions for its causes.


100% DEMOCRATIC


Service Employees International Union SEIU is one of the largest unions in the United States, with 2.2 million members. Te union spent more money in the Arkansas Democratic Senate primary and the January special Senate election in Massachusetts than any race that will be decided Tuesday.


100% DEMOCRATIC


SOURCES: Federal Election Commission filings; Washington Post research


TIM FARNAM AND NATHANIEL VAUGHN KELSO/THE WASHINGTON POST


The real director of Britain’s M16 opens up on how the secretive agency operates “T


hemostdraining aspect ofmy job is reading, everyday, intelligence


reportsdescribing theplotting of terroristswho are bent on maiming andmurderingpeople inthis country.” Thosewords, spokenlastweek,


come fromthe firstpublic speech givenby adirector ofBritain’s Secret Intelligence Service,MI6. InsteadofDame JudiDench,who plays the role inJamesBond films, Sir JohnSawers, the real director of the legendary 101- year-oldspy service, appeared before the Society ofEditors in London.Early inhis career, Sawerswas anMI6 operative in theMiddleEast. It’sworthlooking athisprecise


presentationfor its similarities anddifferenceswithwhatCIA DirectorLeonPanettamight say ina similar circumstance. While theU.S. intelligence


community ismadeupof 16 agencies, includingCIAandthose inthePentagon, “three specialisedservices formthe [UnitedKingdom] intelligence community,” saidSawers, 55, a ForeignServicediplomat.He listedMI5,whichis adomestic service somewhat like theFBI; andGCHQ, the government’s electronic eavesdropping agency, whichismuchlike thePentagon- basedNational SecurityAgency. Eachalsohas the leadinthe cyber world. Sawers’s ownservice, like theCIA, operates outside the Britishhomeland, gathering informationprimarily from humansources. BritishDefense Intelligence


remains inside itsDefense Ministry andunder the chief of defense intelligence,normally a three-star general.He coordinates intelligence gathering andanalysis for all the military services. Sawersmade clear,however, that in Afghanistanhis operatives “provide tactical intelligence that guidesmilitary operations and saves our soldiers’ lives.” Mostdifferent fromtheUnited


States ismanagement ofBritain’s MI6.Where theCIA“reports” to thedirector ofnational


WALTER PINCUS Fine Print


intelligence, the agency takes directionfromtheWhiteHouse throughtheNational Security Council, althoughthepresident, himself,must authorize its covert operations. MI6“doesnot choosewhat it


does,” Sawers said.Under a 1994 law, cabinetministerswhomake uptheBritishNational Security Council “telluswhat theywant to know,what theywantus to achieve . . . [and]we take our directionfromtheNational SecurityCouncil,”whichis chairedby theprimeminister. Otherpermanentmembers are thedeputyprimeminister, the chancellor of the exchequer, the secretary of state for foreignand commonwealthaffairs, thehome secretary, the secretary of state for defence, the secretary of state for internationaldevelopment, and the securityminister. Individually, Sawers said, “I


answerdirectly to the foreign secretary,”unlike theCIA’s Panetta.MI6submitsplans for operations to the foreignsecretary and“he approvesmost,butnot all, andthose operationshedoes not approvedonothappen. “Whenour operations require


legal authorizationor entail political risk, I seek the foreign secretary’s approval inadvance. If a case isparticularly complex,he canconsult the attorney general.” The threeBritishintelligence


agencies inthenext five years “will seeus intensifying our collaborationto improve our operational impact andto save money,” Sawers said. “Yes, even the intelligence serviceshave to make savings,”he added, reflecting another issue in commonwiththeAmericans. Oversight of theU.S.


intelligence community isdone withinboththe executive and


legislative branches.There is the President’s IntelligenceAdvisory Board, a groupofupto 16 members appointedfromoutside the federal government,who are givenassignments by theWhite House, andthere are also inspectors generalwithinthe intelligence agencies. OnCapitolHill, theHouse and


Senate intelligence committees provide oversight but other panels caninvestigatewhen intelligence operations fallunder their jurisdiction. InBritainoversight is


performedbothbymembers of Parliament andby judges.There is the single Intelligence and SecurityCommittee,nowchaired byConservativePartymember Sir MalcolmRifkind,whowas appointedbyPrimeMinister DavidCameron.The committee traditionally includes other seniorpoliticians,many of them formerministers. “Theyholdus to account andcaninvestigate areas of our activity,” Sawers said. Inaddition, two former judges


have full access toMI6files, as intelligence commissioner and interceptioncommissioner. “They make sure ourprocedures are proper andlawful,” Sawers said. AswithU.S. intelligence,


terrorismis central for theBritish services. “Over one-thirdof SIS resources aredirectedagainst international terrorism,” Sawers said,making it “the largest single area of SIS’swork.”MI6 tries to penetrate terrorist groups. There are otherways inwhich


the countries’ two agenciesdiffer. Like theCIA,MI6has awebsite, butwhile theU.S. agency site is only inEnglish,MI6’s is also in Arabic,Russian,French, Spanish andChinese.Another signof Britishsophistication:while the CIAsitehas games andquizzes for kids, theMI6 site gives short tests to allowpotential recruits to assess their analytical and administrative skills. Sawers spoke ofmatters that I


doubtPanettawouldinclude. Basedonhis experience inthe Islamicworld,he spoke out on ways to combat terrorismthat fell into thepolicy field.For example,


he talkedabout countries inthe MiddleEast “moving to amore opensystemof government . . . onemore responsive topeople’s grievences” as oneway to curtail the growthof terrorists.He then addedthis bit of advice to policymakers: “But ifwedemand anabruptmove to thepluralism thatwe intheWest enjoy,wemay


undermine the controls that are nowinplace, andterroristswould endupwithnewopportunities.” His lookinto the futurewas


more characteristic of intelligence chiefs. “Whatever the cause or causes of so-calledIslamic terrorism, there is littleprospect of it fading away soon,”he said. pincusw@washpost.com


The Federal Worker Upbeat on hiring reform


Agencies celebrate ‘substantial progress’ on streamlining the application process for government job seekers. Federal Diary, B3


Applicants see change Although not all agencies are ready


for the Obama hiring overhaul, some prospective workers say process seems more efficient. B3


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