affiliate af•fil•i•ate1
banishment /≈ f∂l' ≥ ∂t/ n. an individual or
organization joined with a larger group. The community college is an affiliate of the state university.
af•fil•i•ate2 /≈ f∂l' ≥ ∞t'/ v. af•fil•i•at•ed,
PRONUNCIATION KEY
/≠/ /∞/ /â/
pat pay care
/ä/ father /är/ far /≤/ /≥/ /∂/ /∑/
pet be pit pie
/îr/ pier /∏/ mop /π/ /ô/
toe paw,for
/oi/ noise /ou/ out /∫/ look /Ω/ boot /√/
cut
/ûr/ /th/ /th/
urge thin this
/hw/ what /zh/ vision /≈/
about item pencil gallop circus
/≈r/ butter Dictionary A
ab•di•cate /≠b' d∂ k∞t'/ v. ab•di•cat•ed, ab•di•cat•ing, ab•di•cates. to officially give up or renounce a high office or responsibility. The king will abdicate the throne.
ab•di•ca•tion /≠b' d∂ k∞' sh≈n/ n. the renouncement of a high office or responsibility. Her abdication from the company left the boss in a panic.
ab•er•ra•tion /≠b' ≈ r∞' sh≈n/ n. a departure from the normal or typical. Jeremy’s recent behavior is a definite aberration.
ab•o•li•tion•ist /≠b' ≈ l∂sh' ≈ n∂st/ n. a person who works to end a law or custom. Abolitionists fought hard to end slavery.
ac•cess1 /≠k' s≤s/ n. the right to enter or use.
We were able to gain access to the stadium’s private club.
ac•cess2 /≠k' s≤s/ v. ac•cessed, ac•cess•ing,
ac•cess•es. to obtain entry or use. You can access the file on my computer.
ac•com•plice /≈ k∏m' pl∂s/ n. a partner in doing something wrong or illegal. The police caught the robber and his accomplice.
ac•crue1 /≈ krΩ'/ v. ac•crued, ac•cru•ing,
ac•crues. to accumulate something over a period of time. Our debate team accrued the most points.—ac•crue•ment n.
ac•crue2 /≈ krΩ'/ v. ac•crued, ac•cru•ing,
ac•crues. to increase in amount or value. Your money will accrue interest in the bank.—ac•crue•ment n.
ac•quit /≈ kw∂t'/ v. ac•quit•ted, ac•quit•ting, ac•quits. to free or clear from a legal accusation of wrongdoing. The accused man was acquitted of the crime.
ac•quit•tal /≈ kw∂t' l/ n. judgement by a court that clears a defendant of wrongdoing. The defendant was relieved to hear of his acquittal.
ad•ver•sar•y /≠d' v≈r s≤r' ≥/ n., pl. ad•ver•sar•ies. an opponent; an enemy. The football teams were adversaries.
ad•ver•si•ty /≠d vûr' s∂ t≥/ n., pl. ad•ver•si•ties. misfortune; hardship. The hurricane victims suffered much adversity.
af•fect1 /≈ f≤kt'/ v. af•fect•ed, af•fect•ing,
af•fects. to influence or cause something or someone to change. The storm will affect our travel plans.
af•fect2 /≈ f≤kt'/ v. af•fect•ed, af•fect•ing,
af•fects. to move someone emotionally. Her kind actions affected everyone.
204 Dictionary barometer
ba•rom•e•ter /b≈ r∏m' ∂ t≈r/ n. an instrument that measures atmospheric pressure. The barometer indicates a weather change. —bar•o•met•ric /b≠r' ≈ m≤t' r∂k/ adj. —bar•o•met•ri•cal adj. —bar•o•met•ri•cal•ly adv. —ba•rom•e•try n.
PRONUNCIATION KEY
/≠/ /∞/ /â/
pat pay care
/ä/ father /är/ far /≤/ /≥/ /∂/ /∑/
pet be pit pie
/îr/ pier /∏/ mop /π/ /ô/
toe paw,for
/oi/ noise /ou/ out /∫/ look /Ω/ boot /√/
cut
/ûr/ /th/ /th/
urge thin this
/hw/ what /zh/ vision /≈/
about item pencil gallop circus
/≈r/ butter
be•nev•o•lent /b≈ n≤v' ≈ l≈nt/ adj. kind. The family’s illness brought about many benevolent acts by their neighbors. —be•nev•o•lent•ly adv.
blare1
/blâr/ n. a loud, harsh sound. The blare of the horns interrupted our conversation.
blare2 /blâr/ v. blared, blar•ing, blares.
to make a loud, harsh sound. Impatient drivers blare their horns in traffic.
C
ca•coph•o•ny /k≈ k∏f' ≈ n≥/ n., pl. ca•coph•o•nies. a harsh or unpleasant sound. The cacophony of screaming fans jangled our nerves.
ca•per1 /k∞' p≈r/ v. ca•pered, ca•per•ing,
ca•pers. to leap or jump around playfully. The happy children caper in the park.
ca•per2 ca•per3 /k∞' p≈r/ n. a playful leap. Our cat’s capers are fun to watch.
/k∞' p≈r/ n. a playful prank. The innocent caper made us laugh.
cease /s≥s/ v. ceased, ceas•ing, ceas•es. to end; to stop. We ceased talking when the conductor walked onstage.
chron•ic /kr∏n' ∂k/ adj. lasting for a long time. Our dog suffers from a chronic skin problem.—chron•i•cal•ly adv.
chron•i•cle1 /kr∏n' ∂ k≈l/ n. a record of
historic events presented in time order. Public television presented a chronicle of jazz from its beginnings.
chron•i•cle2 /kr∏n' ∂ k≈l/ v. chron•i•cled,
chron•i•cling, chron•i•cles. to record historic events in time order. The explorers chronicled their trip down the river. —chron•i•cler n.
206 Dictionary confound
chron•o•log•i•cal /kr∏n' ≈ l∏j' ∂ k≈l or krπ' n≈ l∏j' ∂ k≈l/ adj. listed in order of time. The history book explained events in chronological order. —chron•o•log•i•cal•ly adv.
cir•cum•stan•tial /sûr' k≈m st≠n' sh≈l/ adj. related to an event that is connected to or affects another event or condition. The evidence against her was only circumstantial.—cir•cum•stan•tial•ly adv.
co•hab•it /kπ h≠b' ∂t/ v. co•hab•it•ed, co•hab•it•ing, co•hab•its. to live together. Animals in the forest usually cohabit in peace. —co•hab•i•tant n. —co•hab•i•ta•tion n.
com•pel /k≈m p≤l'/ v. com•pelled, com•pel•ling, com•pels. to force or drive. The flood might compel us to leave our home.—com•pel•la•ble adj. —com•pel•la•bly adv.—com•pel•ler n.
com•pel•ling /k≈m p≤l' ∂ng/ adj. persuasive; forceful. Your argument for saving the trees is a compelling one. —com•pel•ling•ly adv.
com•pla•cent /k≈m pl∞' s≈nt/ adj. self- satisfied; unconcerned. The winner’s complacent smile annoyed his opponents. —com•pla•cent•ly adv.
com•pli•ance /k≈m pl∑' ≈ns/ n. conforming to or agreeing with laws or rules. Our principal expects compliance with all school rules.
com•plic•i•ty /k≈m pl∂s' ∂ t≥/ n., pl. com•plic•i•ties. involvement in a crime or wrong action. Richard denied complicity in the theft.
con•form /k≈n fôrm'/ v. con•formed, con•form•ing, con•forms. to act in accord with laws or popular customs. Members must conform to the club’s rules. —con•form•er n.—con•form•ist n.
con•found /k≈n found' or k∏n found'/ v. con•found•ed, con•found•ing, con•founds. to puzzle; to bewilder. The teacher’s decision to give another test confounds us. —con•found•er n.
confuse
con•fuse /k≈n fyΩz'/ v. con•fused, con•fus•ing, con•fus•es. to mix up; to baffle. The direc- tions through the park confused me. —con•fus•ing•ly adv.
con•fused /k≈n fyΩzd'/ adj. baffled. Jimmy looked confused trying to figure out the answer.—con•fus•ed•ness n.
con•fus•ed•ly /k≈n fyΩ' z∂d l≥/ adv. acting in a confused or puzzled way. The old man confusedly searched for his gloves.
con•jec•ture1 /k≈n j≤k' ch≈r/ n. a guess based on
partial information. A detective makes many conjectures before solving a case.
con•jec•ture2 /k≈n j≤k' ch≈r/ v. con•jec•tured,
con•jec•tur•ing, con•jec•tures. to make a guess based on partial information. Based on her patient’s symptoms, the doctor conjectured a diagnosis.
con•sol•i•date /k≈n s∏l' ∂ d∞t'/ v. con•sol•i•dat•ed, con•sol•i•dat•ing, con•sol•i•dates. to combine into one. Companies consolidate their operations to save money.—con•sol•i•da•tion n. —con•sol•i•da•tor n.
con•so•nant1 /k∏n' s≈ n≈nt/ n. a letter that
represents a consonant sound. How many consonants are in your name?
con•so•nant2 /k∏n' s≈ n≈nt/ n. a speech sound
made by a partial or complete blocking of the breath. The sounds of letters like b, f, and p are consonant sounds.
con•sta•ble /k∏n' st≈ b≈l or k√n' st≈ b≈l/ n. a public officer of lower rank than a sheriff. The constable questioned the suspect.
con•stit•u•ent /k≈n st∂ch' Ω ≈nt/ n. a person who is represented by an elected official. The senator listens carefully to her constituents.
con•tend /k≈n t≤nd'/ v. con•tend•ed, con•tend•ing, con•tends. to compete. Our debate team contended for first place in the competition.—con•tend•er n.
con•tro•ver•sial /k∏n' tr≈ vûr' sh≈l or k∏n' tr≈ vûr' s≥ ≈l/ adj. causing a disagreement. I avoid controversial topics when talking with people I don’t know well. —con•tro•ver•sial•ly adv. —con•tro•ver•sial•ist n.—con•tro•ver•sy n.
Dictionary 205 cynical
con•ver•sion /k≈n vûr' zh≈n/ n. the act or state of being changed into another form, substance, or thing. The conversion of ice into water occurs at 32 degrees Fahrenheit.
con•vert /k≈n vûrt'/ v. con•vert•ed, con•vert•ing, con•verts. to change into another form, substance, or thing. Solar panels convert the sun’s energy into electricity.
con•vey /k≈n v∞'/ v. con•veyed, con•vey•ing, con•veys. to carry; to transport. Planes convey mail to faraway cities. —con•vey•a•ble adj.
co•pi•ous /kπ' p≥ ≈s/ adj. plentiful. The farmer was pleased with his copious harvest. —co•pi•ous•ly adv.—co•pi•ous•ness n.
coy1 /koi/ adj. coy•er, coy•est. shy, sometimes
avoiding social situations. Allison is coy when meeting new people.—coy•ly adv. —coy•ness n.
coy2 /koi/ adj. coy•er, coy•est. pretending to be
shy, sometimes in a playful manner. The coy young girl finally agreed to show us her drawing.—coy•ly adv.—coy•ness n.
cre•dence /kr≥d' ns/ n. acceptance as true; a belief. My mother gives little credence to my brother’s wild tales.
cred•i•ble /kr≤d' ≈ b≈l/ adj. believable. His excuse is credible. —cred•i•bly adv. —cred•i•bil•i•ty n.—cred•i•ble•ness n.
creed /kr≥d/ n. a statement of belief; a set of principles. My creed is to think before I act.
cul•prit /k√l' pr∂t/ n. a person guilty of a fault or crime. We will catch the culprit who took our shoes during gym class.
cur•tail /k≈r t∞l'/ v. cur•tailed, cur•tail•ing, cur•tails. to cut short; to reduce. We try to curtail our food expenses.—cur•tail•ment n.
cyn•i•cal /s∂n' ∂ k≈l/ adj. negatively believing that people only do things for selfish reasons. Jason’s cynical attitude offends his friends. —cyn•i•cal•ly adv.—cyn•ic n.
B-C
af•fil•i•at•ing, af•fil•i•ates. to join a group of common interest. Our chess club plans to affiliate with a national network of chess lovers.
af•fir•ma•tive1 af•fir•ma•tive2 /≈ fûr' m≈ t∂v/ adj. positive. Her
affirmative outlook is difficult to sway. —af•fir•ma•tive•ly adv.
/≈ fûr' m≈ t∂v/ adj. stating that
something is true. The teacher gave an affirmative nod after Josh’s answer. —af•fir•ma•tive•ly adv.
af•fir•ma•tive3 /≈ fûr' m≈ t∂v/ n. a statement of
agreement. We replied in the affirmative. al•i•bi1 /≠l' ≈ b∑'/ n., pl. al•i•bis. a claim to have
been somewhere else when a crime was committed. An alibi clears him of any guilt.
al•i•bi2 /≠l' ≈ b∑'/ n. informal, pl. al•i•bis. an
excuse. My brother has an alibi for everything.
al•lo•cate /≠l' ≈ k∞t'/ v. al•lo•cat•ed, al•lo•cat•ing, al•lo•cates. to set aside for a certain purpose. We allocate some of our savings for vacation.—al•lo•ca•ble adj. —al•lo•ca•tion n.
al•ti•tude /≠l' t∂ tΩd' or ≠l' t∂ tyΩd'/ n. the distance above a set limit, such as sea level or the earth’s surface. Breathing becomes more difficult at a high altitude. —al•ti•tu•di•nal adj.
am•big•u•ous /≠m b∂g' yΩ ≈s/ adj. unclear. We were confused by the ambiguous answer. —am•big•u•ous•ly adv. —am•bi•gu•i•ty n.
am•i•ca•ble /≠m' ∂ k≈ b≈l/ adj. friendly. They settled their argument in an amicable way. —am•i•ca•bly adv.—am•i•ca•bil•i•ty n. —am•i•ca•ble•ness n.
a•nach•ro•nism /≈ n≠k' r≈ n∂z' ≈m/ n. something placed out of its historical time. A covered wagon is an anachronism on today’s modern highways.
an•a•lyze /≠n' ≈ l∑z'/ v. an•a•lyzed, an•a•lyz•ing, an•a•lyz•es. to study for the purpose of drawing conclusions. We need to analyze why our team lost the hockey game. —an•a•lyz•a•ble adj.—an•a•ly•za•tion n. —an•a•lyz•er n.
an•ti•quat•ed /≠n' t∂ kw∞' t∂d/ adj. too old to be useful or in style. The phonograph uses antiquated technology. —an•ti•quat•ed•ness n.
ap•por•tion /≈ pôr' sh≈n or ≈ pπr' sh≈n/ v. ap•por•tioned, ap•por•tion•ing, ap•por•tions. to divide up. The camp counselor apportioned the pizzas fairly.
ap•prise /≈ pr∑z'/ v. to inform. We will apprise the custodian of the leaky faucet.
as•so•nance /≠s' ≈ n≈ns/ n. the similarity of sounds, especially vowel sounds. “He spoke to the folks” is an example of assonance. —as•so•nant adj., n.
at•trib•ute1 /≈ tr∂b' yΩt/ v. at•trib•ut•ed,
at•trib•ut•ing, at•trib•utes. to relate to a particular cause or source. To what do you attribute your good grades in math? —at•trib•ut•a•ble adj.—at•tri•bu•tion n.
at•trib•ute2 /≠t' r≈ byΩt'/ n. a quality or
characteristic associated with a specific person or thing. She has many positive attributes.
a•ver•sion /≈ vûr' zh≈n or ≈ vûr' sh≈n/ n. a strong dislike. The baby has an aversion to carrots.
B
ban•ish /b≠n' ∂sh/ v. ban•ished, ban•ish•ing, ban•ish•es. to send or drive away from a country or place. Napoleon was banished to the island of St. Helena in 1815.
ban•ish•ment /b≠n' ∂sh m≈nt/ n. the act or state of being driven away from a country or place. He finally returned home after twenty years of banishment.
A-B
Dictionary 207 Dictionary T205
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