• •
Results of monitoring programmes undertaken in operational wind farms in the UK and other European countries; and
Other relevant peer-review publications and stock assessments. 11.4 Data Limitations, Sensitivities and Gaps
11.4.1 Spatial extent of Spawning and Nursery Grounds 7.
Coull et al. (1998) and Ellis et al. (2010,2012) are frequently considered the standard references to be used to provide broad scale overviews of the potential spatial extent of spawning grounds and the relative intensity and duration of spawning. Both Coull et al. (1998) and Ellis et al. (2010, 2012) are based on a compilation of a variety of data sources. In the case of Coull et al. (1998), many of the conclusions are based on historic research and therefore may not take account in recent changes in fish distributions and spawning behaviour. Ellis et al. (2010, 2012) is also constrained by the wide scale distribution of the sampling sites used for the annual international larval survey data, resulting in broad scale grids of spawning and nursery grounds.
8.
The spatial extent of the spawning grounds and the duration of spawning periods given in these publications are therefore likely to represent the maximum theoretical extent of the areas and periods within which spawning by the species is considered. It should therefore be possible that spawning grounds are likely to be smaller with shorter spawning periods or in certain cases no longer be active spawning grounds.
11.4.2 Landings Data 9.
10.
Landings data derived from UK registered vessels by species and ICES rectangle have been derived from catch statistics provided by the MMO.
It should be recognised that the area of the proposed East Anglia THREE project supports fishing by both UK and non UK registered vessels, principally Dutch and Belgian vessels. Activity by these categories of vessels is described in Chapter 14 Commercial Fisheries, and has been cross-referenced where appropriate.
11. Whilst landings statistics provide a good indication of the principal species targeted within a given area, assessments of the relative abundance and distribution of the species based on commercial landings should be made with caution due to factors such as; fisheries legislation and controls such as quotas and closed areas; and other factors such as gear selectivity and market forces.
Preliminary Environmental Information May 2014
East Anglia THREE Offshore Windfarm
Appendix 11.2 Page 8
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