187. Records for the species have been made from a number of English rivers with small populations noted in the Broads, Great Yarmouth, Lowestoft, Alde, Deben, Orwell and Stour, and larger populations recorded in the Blackwater, Crouch, and Thames and catchment rivers (Maitland, 2003b).
11.5.12.6 European Eel
188. European eel is a catadromous migratory species found all around the British Isles. Eels carry out long-distance migrations (over 5,000 km) from the coasts of Europe and are thought to spawn in the Sargasso Sea although evidence for this is limited (Schmidt, cited in van Ginneken et al. 2005; Aarestrup et al. 2009). The newly hatched larvae are transported back towards the European coast by prevailing currents and metamorphose into glass eels as they arrive on the continental shelf, and subsequently become pigmented ‘elvers’ (Aarestrup et al. 2009; Potter and Dare, 2003).
189. Adults are thought to migrate to sea from August to December. Glass eels arrive at coastal waters from February to March and migrate upstream as elvers from May until September (Environment Agency, 2011).
190. European eel are widely distributed throughout the Anglian region. The adult eel fishery was relatively strong in the past, although few records were kept. A commercial glass eel fishery has never been in operation. Currently, due to reduced numbers of eels, fishing is patchy and at best a subsistence activity for many of the fishermen involved (DEFRA, 2010).
191. Due to the absence of any commercial glass eel or elver catch data for the region, monitoring traps have been installed on the lower freshwater to saltwater limit on the River Stour and on the Chelmer and Blackwater Canal at Beeleigh in Essex (DEFRA, 2010).
192. This species has been occasionally recorded within the ICES rectangle 32F1 by the IBTS (2004 to 2013) (Table 11.5).
Preliminary Environmental Information May 2014
East Anglia THREE Offshore Windfarm
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