Lamna nasus are infrequent or rare given their population status or their spatial distribution (Ellis, 2004; NBN Gateway, 2013).
25. Diadromous species have the potential to transit East Anglia THREE during seasonal migrations between the sea and riverine environments, potentially for spawning and nursery life-history stages. Species with recorded presence in the southern North Sea, rivers and coastal regions off East Anglia are listed below.
•
Sea lamprey Petromyzon marinus and river lamprey Lampetra fluviatilis are rarely observed in UK coastal waters, estuaries and accessible rivers (JNCC, 2007).
•
The East Anglian coastal waters are thought to be feeding areas for sea trout spawned in rivers in the north east of England and in East Anglian rivers including; the Glaven, Wensum and Yare (Tingley et al. 2007).
• •
European eel Anguilla Anguilla are reported to migrate to local rivers including the Waveney, Yare, Bure and Deben (DEFRA, 2010);
Smelt have been observed to shoal in estuaries including the lower tidal reaches of the Waveney and Yare (Colclough and Coates, 2013).
26. Allis shad Alosa alosa and twaite shad Alosa fallax are considered to have a presence elsewhere in rivers and estuaries in Eire, Wales and in the Solway Firth, (Roche, 2008, Aprahamian, 1989, Maitland, Lyle, 2005). Although formerly known to spawn in several English river systems, the only recently-confirmed spawning site in England is the Tamar Estuary, Devon (Jolly et al. 2012).
27.
The southern North Sea (ICES Division IVc) supports commercially important shellfish species including brown crab Cancer pagurus lobster Hommarus gammarus, velvet swimming crab Necora puber, brown shrimp Crangon crangon, pink shrimp Pandalus montagui and the edible common whelk Buccinum undatum (Walmsey and Pawson, 2007).
28.
Shellfish species of lower commercial importance relevant to East Anglia THREE include common prawn Palaemon serratus, green crab Carcinus maenas, spider crab Majidae spp., cuttlefish Sepiidae spp., octopus Octopoda spp. and squid Teuthida spp.
29. A limited number of shellfish species including blue mussel Mytilus edulis, native oyster Ostrea edulis, Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas, razor clams Ensis spp. and
Preliminary Environmental Information May 2014
East Anglia THREE Offshore Windfarm
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