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Analytical Instrumentation Mercury Determination in the Petroleum Industry
For over 30 years P S Analytical (PSA) has been at the forefront of trace mercury (Hg) determinations from petrochemical samples. Employing Atomic Fluorescence as a means of detection the PSA analysers provide ultimate detection performance. It has never been more important to understand the fate of Hg in all aspects of oil and gas exploration, refi ning and production. The corrosive nature of Hg reacting with aluminium; the fate of Hg within a process itself; the concentration of Hg in feedstocks that could destroy expensive catalysts; as well as the OH&S concerns that Hg poses are, of course, well documented and are often a key driver in operational decisions. For these reasons much effort is spent on Hg removal technology and PSA partners with many companies to monitor and help manage this Hg removal process. This partnership happens from the research bench through to production with PSA taking a pivotal role in ensuring successful removal technologies are deployed in the real world.
PSA have analysers to suit all aspects of the monitoring and analysis of Hg, including laboratory instruments and on-line and off-line analysers for gases and liquids, routinely tailoring systems to customer requirements. PSA also provides solutions for speciation (fractionation) analysis and also waste water systems associated with petrochemical processes.
The systems offer industry leading detection performance, are simple to operate and maintain and are backed by our global commitment to service and support. PSA offers the ideal package of experience, performance, reliability and support.
Introducing a New Range of Rotational Viscometers
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Why You Should Be Using A Kinematic Viscometer for In-Service Oil Analysis
Given the signifi cance of viscosity in assessing the condition of in-service engine oils, reliability engineers and maintenance managers need to have the most accurate viscosity data possible to extend lubricant lifetime and reduce downtime of their company’s critical equipment.
Rotational viscometers, like those available from Gardco, have become a standard in virtually all industries. They measure viscosity by sensing the torque required to rotate a spindle at constant speed while immersed in fl uid. The torque is proportional to the viscous drag on the spindle; thus the sample viscosity.
Advantages include: User can calibrate viscometer, All Spindles made of 316 stainless steel, niversal power supply 110-230v 50/60 Hz, CE/ UL/CSA Approved, Global service and support. The continuous rotation of the spindle allows measurements to be made over time, permitting analysis of time-dependent fl uids. The rate of shear is constant, so both Newtonian and
non-Newtonian fl uids can be tested. By rotating the spindle at several different speeds, shear dependent behavior can be analysed.
Rotational viscometers are the industry standard in determining absolute viscosity of all types of liquids with viscosities as high as 320 million centipoise. Digital models are available for low - medium - high viscosity materials. Item #VI-B8325, VI-B8331, VI-B8337, and more.
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Kinematic viscometers rely solely on the constants of gravity and fl uid density to create sample movement, resulting in a relatively consistent shear rate. Conversely, shear rates associated with dynamic viscometers may vary signifi cantly as sample movement is artifi cially controlled by the instrument itself. Shear rate variability is of particular concern for in-service oils which contain soot and other contaminants that may result in non- Newtonian behavior. Non-Newtonian fl uid viscosity is highly dependent on shear rate; consequently, studies have shown that high precision kinematic viscometers are up to ten times more precise than dynamic rotational and differential pressure viscometers for in- service oil analysis.
CANNON’s fully-automated miniQV® -X, based on the ASTM D445-compliant
miniAV platform, adheres to ASTM D445 test principles. (ASTM D445 is the referee test method for kinematic viscosity determination and the primary test method used by lubricant manufacturers for fresh oil certifi cation to specifi cation SAE J300) The miniQV-X not only provides superior kinematic viscosity data, it also addresses the need for high-speed analysis, reduced solvent consumption, and elimination of acid cleaning hazards. By making minor adjustments, CANNON engineers have optimised the miniQV-X for high-throughput in-service oil analysis.
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Certified Analytical Reference Standards and Chemicals in Small Quantities
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Our next issue focuses on Viscosity Measurement, Safety and Shale Gas Analysis and Monitoring.
If you’d like to share your news please contact our editor Rachael Simpson today
rachael@envirotechpubs.com
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ANNUAL BUYERS GUIDE 2017 •
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