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fi rst challenge of using lithium for the battery’s anode. Other problems using lithium are that lithium anodes are highly chemically reactive with the electrolyte and they also heat up upon contact. By building a protective layer of interconnected
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carbon domes on top of their lithium anode, the Stanford re- search solved these issues, using a layer that the team called nanospheres. This nanosphere layer looks like a honeycomb, with a fl exible, uniform and nonreactive fi lm that protects the unstable lithium. The carbon nano- sphere wall is just 20-nm thick. “The ideal protective layer for a lithium metal anode needs to be chemically stable to protect against the chemical reactions with the electrolyte and mechanically strong to withstand the expansion of the lithium during charge,” said Cui, who is a member of the Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (formerly the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center). For more information, see
http://tinyurl.com/ MetalAnodes or visit
https://www6.slac.
stanford.edu. ME
Solid-State Battery Design Doubles Energy Density
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ManufacturingEngineeringMedia.com | October 2014
ohlersManuEng.indd 2 2/19/14 12:20 PM
attery startup Sakti3 Inc. (Ann Arbor, MI) announced Aug. 20 that it has produced a battery cell on fully scalable equipment that is said to achieve more than 1100 Watt hours per liter (Wh/l) in volumetric density. A University of Michigan spin-off, Sakti3 has been developing solid-state lithium batteries that could fi nd use in a variety of applications ranging from hand-held devices to electric cars. Sakti3 said the company’s latest development translates into more than double the usage time for wearable devices like smartwatches, to 3.5 hr to more than 9 hr, and with an EV like a Tesla Model S, driving distances could be extended from 265 to 480 miles (426–772 km). The company’s solid-state batteries use vacuum deposition technology and
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